El tsvuku mullet, kunyanya yerudzi ParupeneusIyo squid ihove yemugungwa ine kukwezva kuri muruvara rwayo unoshamisa uye basa rayo mukati meiyo aquarium ecosystem. Kunyangwe isiri pakati pezvipenyu zviri nyore kuchengeta muhusungwa, kunaka kwayo uye kubatsira kwaita kuti iwedzere kukwezva kune vegungwa remvura.
Hunhu hwemuviri uye mavara eiyo red mullet
El tsvuku mullet Inomira pachena nekuda kwemuviri wayo wakareba, wakatetepa uye wakamisikidzwa zvishoma padivi. Kureba kwayo muhurumende yevakuru kunosvika nyore nyore 30 masendimita, kunyange zvazvo mamwe marudzi anogona kukura kusvika 40 masendimita munzvimbo yakasikwa.
Tumira a burgundy coloring pamberi, nemavara eyellow kumusana. Uku kupatsanurwa kwemavara kunoparadzaniswa nebhandi jena rinonyatsotsanangurwa. Mitsetse miviri michena inomira munzvimbo yepamberi, chivara chitema kumusana uye mavara ebhuruu pamusoro nemusweKusimba uye kugoverwa kwemavara aya kunogona kusiyana pakati pevarume nezera, kuva iyo vakadzi kazhinji vane hupenyu uye zvakanyanya kupfuura varume.
Mukuwedzera, mullet mutsvuku ane mabhabheri maviri ekunzwa Pasi pemuromo, nhengo dzinobata-bata dzinobatsira kuti iwane mhuka yakavigwa mu substrate yakapfava. Aya mabarbel ndechimwe cheakanyanya kusiyanisa maficha uye anoita basa rakakosha mune zvese zvekudyisa uye magariro. Mabarbel anogona kupetwa kuita magroove pasi pechirebvu kana asiri kushandiswa.
Maitiro, maitiro ekudya uye chiito mu aquarium
The red mullet is a zvinodya nyama uye diurnal marudzi, nemaitiro ekudya akanyatsobatanidzwa kune substrate. Ivo vanopedza yakawanda yenguva yavo vasinganeti vachichera mujecha kana pasi rakapfava, vachikurudzira uye nekuisa oxygen musubstrate mukutsvaga chikafu.
Kudya kwavo kunosanganisira diki invertebrates semacrustaceans, makonye, mollusks, uye mapolychaetes, ari kushandisa mabarbel avo ekunzwa. Uku kutsvaga kunoshanda kunogadzira makore madiki emarara, uye zvakajairika kuona maratidziro awo pazasi pe aquarium kwavanga vachidya.
Muaquariums, iyo red mullet inoita basa rakakosha rekutsvaira, kubatsira kuderedza kuwanda kwezvinhu zvipenyu zvakasara uye detritus, iyo inobatsira kudzora mazinga enitrogen compounds uye kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakachena. Chiito chavo chakafanana neicho chezvipenyu zvakaita seCorydoras mumvura yakachena kana marine gobies mumakungwa ecosystems. Nekudaro, kutenderedza kwavo nguva dzose kweiyo substrate kunogona zvakare kuvhara mvura uye kuisa sediment padombo mhenyu kana sessile invertebrates, izvo zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa pakuronga kubatanidzwa kwavo muaquarium.
Zvinokosha: Imhando yemhando yepamusoro yehupenyu uye, munguva pfupi, inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya microfauna iripo mu substrate.
Pepa rechokwadi: mhando huru dze red mullet ye aquariums
- Parupeneus barberinoides: Inonyanya kufarirwa nehukuru hwayo huri pakati nepakati (kusvika masendimita makumi matatu) uye ruvara rwakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu: dzvuku munzvimbo yepamberi ine mitsetse michena, yero kumashure uye makwapa ebhuruu mumusoro nemuswe.
- Parupeneus forsskali: Mhando dzakajairika dzeGungwa Dzvuku, zvakafanana ne P. barberinus asi idiki (max. 28 cm). Iyo inosiyaniswa neiyo dema ocellus payero mutsara padanho re caudal peduncle.
- Parupeneus insularis: Yakanakira aquariums hombe, kazhinji inoyera isingasviki 30 cm. Inosiyana-siyana muvara zvichienderana nekwayakabva, asi inocherechedzwa kune yayo miviri yakafara, mitsetse ine ruvara rwekrimu pane yakasviba kumashure.
- Parupeneus biaculeatus: Diki muhukuru (max. 19 cm), tsvuku nematoni matsvuku uye dumbu rakachena kana kuti pink. Inodiwa kana nzvimbo ishoma.
- Parupeneus cyclostomus: Yellow mullet inogona kukura kusvika 50 cm uye yakakodzera chete kune yakakura kwazvo aquariums. Vechidiki vaneyero yakajeka, ukuwo vakuru vane nzvimbo dzakasvibira uye dzakajeka dzeyero.
- Parupeneus multifasciatus: Yakati kurei (kusvika 35 cm), inoshanda mumakungwa makuru. Yakasiyana-siyana mavara uye maitiro akakodzera kune hove-chete aquariums.
La mhuri Mullidae Iyo genus Parupeneus, iyo yese mamullet matsvuku, inoratidzwa neforogo dorsal musana, mazero mahombe, uye mutsauko wakajeka wezviyero pakati pemberi nekumashure kwemuviri. Parupeneus genus ine marudzi anopfuura makumi matatu anozivikanwa, saka zvakakosha kuti utarise chaiwo mhando usati watenga kuti uve nechokwadi chekuenderana uye zvinodiwa.
Aquarium zvinodiwa uye mamiriro
- Volume uye zviyero: Yakakurudzirwa yakakura-vhoriyamu aquarium, zvichida yakakura kudarika 400-500 malita, nekuda kwehukuru hwavo uye inoda nzvimbo yekushambira uye kuongorora substrate. Mhando diki dzinogona kuchengetwa mumatangi madiki, asi nguva dzose dzine nzvimbo yepasi yakakwana.
- Substratum: Zvakakosha kuva nea gobvu jecha iyo inobvumira mullet mutsvuku kuchera uye kutsvaga chikafu. Iyo substrate inofanira kuumbwa zvakanyanya nejecha jena kana musanganiswa wejecha rakapfava, kutevedzera mazamu enzvimbo yavo yekugara.
- Kushongedza: Vanogona kugara pamwe chete nedombo rinorarama, kunyange zvazvo tsika yavo yekuvhiringidza pasi inogona kuendesa sediment kune zvimwe zvinhu uye, mumatambudziko makuru, kune sessile invertebrates. Zviri nani kushandisa shongedzo yakasimba, yakanyatsogadziriswa.
- Sefa uye kugadzirisa: Zvinokurudzirwa kuisa ine simba mechanical sefa uye a oversized skimmer, sezvo chiito chayo pane substrate inowedzera yakamiswa nyaya uye inogona kuvhara mvura. Kuchengetedza kwakanaka uye periodic siphoning ye substrate ichabatsira kuchengetedza kunaka.
- Mvura parameters: Red mullet haifungidzirwe kunyanya kudiwa. Kuchengeta density iri pakati pe1.020 ne1.024, pH iri pakati pe8 ne8.4, kJ iri pakati pe10 ne12, uye tembiricha yakajairika ye24 kusvika 27°C inokwana.
- Kubatana: Mullets matsvuku Vanogona kugara nehove dzepakati kana huru, asi vanogona kudaro zvisingaenderani nehove duku, crustaceans, annelids uye molluscs, izvo zviri chikamu chekudya kwavo. Vechidiki vanowanzoratidza kushamwaridzana kukuru uye kushivirira, nepo vanhu vakuru vachiwanzoita maitiro ega.
Kudyiwa kweacarium
Mukutapwa, mullet mutsvuku achagamuchira zvese zvokudya vanowana pasi, kubva kumaprotein mashes, chikafu chakaomeswa nechando, mahwendefa emhando uye pellets, kusvika kuzvidimbu zviduku zvehove kana shellfish. Zvakakosha kusiyanisa kudya kwavo kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti zvinovaka muviri zvinopihwa uye zvinokurudzira hunhu hwavo hwekudya. Munharaunda dzinogara mumvura, vanobatsira kubvisa chikafu chisingadyiwe nedzimwe hove, kudzivirira kuwanda kwemarara.
Vanonyanya kubatsira kune biological control yezvisaririra muhove-chete aquariums. Izvo hazvifanirwe kuchengetwa neakakosha mobile invertebrates kana hove diki, sezvo dzinogona kuvakuvadza pavanenge vachiongorora substrate.
Kunyanya maitiro uye kugarisana
ari Hora dzevakuru dzinowanzova dzega, kunyange zvazvo muchikamu chevaduku vanogona kuumba mapoka maduku, kunyanya pakutsvaga zvokudya. Maitiro avo akadzikama uye vanopedza yakawanda yenguva yavo vachiongorora pasi, vachiratidza hukasha hudiki kune dzimwe hove dzakafanana.
Muzvisikwa uye aquarium, vanogona kuva ne yakanyatsoshanda yekuchenesa chiito Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti utarise iyo substrate dynamics uye kudzivirira kuunganidza sediment padombo mhenyu, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa vamwe vagari vetangi.
Kugara kwakasikwa kwemullet mutsvuku
Iyo mullet mutsvuku inogara zvakanyanya mu Western Pacific, nekuvapo kubva kuMaluku Islands nePhilippines kuenda kuWestern Samoa, ichipfuura nemuRyukyu Islands, New Caledonia, Tonga, Palau, Caroline Islands uye Marshall Islands. Kazhinji ivo vanowanikwa mu nzvimbo dzemahombekombe dzine jecha, madhaka kana matombo pasi pedyo nematombo, kwavanoumba chikamu chinoshanda checheni yezvokudya.
Idzi hove dzinogona kurarama kubva pamvura yapamusoro pemita imwe chete kusvika pakadzika inosvika kana kutopfuura 40 mamita, uye mune mamwe marudzi, mienzaniso yevanhu vakuru inogona kuonekwa mumvura yakadzika.
Pasi pejecha, nzvimbo yavanoda, inovabvumira kuzvifukidzira, kutsvaga chikafu, uye kudzivirira zvikara. Muviri wavo uye ruvara zvinoenderana nekwavanogara: munzvimbo dzine matombo emahombekombe, mashava uye matsvuku toni anotungamira, nepo mumvura yakashama, mavara akajeka uye mitsetse yerongi yakareba inomira pachena.
Curiosities uye ornamental value
Pasinei zvayo zvinobatsira uye ruvaraIyo mullet mutsvuku haisi hove iri nyore kuchengetedza yevanovice aquarists. Zvisikwa zvakawanda mumhuri yeMullidae zvinokura kusvika pakukura uye zvinoda matangi akakura, zvichimisa kushandiswa kwawo kune makuru kana ehunyanzvi kuisirwa uye hove-chete aquariums. Chimiro chavo chekudya uye kuita nguva dzose kunoita kuti vasaenderane nemhando dzakawanda dzekushongedza invertebrates uye hove diki dzine rugare.
Zvisinei, basa rake se kushingaira kuchenesa Iyo substrate uye chiratidziro chekufamba kwavo kunoita kuti mullets tsvuku ive sarudzo inoyemurwa kune vane ruzivo vanofarira.
Chinhu chinoda kuziva ndechekuti, mune dzimwe nzvimbo, pwere tsvuku mullet inoshandiswa se hove mhenyu mumutambo wehove kuitira kubatwa kwezvikara zvakakura, nekuda kwekuramba uye kufamba kwadzo pasi pegungwa.
Recommenditions kune vanoita basa
- Nguva dzose tarisa saizi yevakuru yemarudzi aunoda kuchengeta.
- Sarudza hombe dzemvura uye nekusefa kwakanaka kudzivirira matambudziko nekuda kwekufamba kwesediments.
- Dzivisa kugarisana nediki diki twusina vertebrates, hove diki kana makorari akapfava.
- Chengetedza kunaka kwemvura uye ita kugadzirisa nguva dzose, sezvo chiito chinogara chiri pa substrate chinogona kuwedzera nyaya yakamiswa.
- Pfumisa nharaunda nejecha substrates uye kushongedzwa kwakasimba, zviri nani pasina zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kufukidzwa nevhu.
Iyo ine mavara tsvuku mullet mu aquariums inomiririra yakasarudzika uye inoshanda sarudzo yenzvimbo dzakakura dzemugungwa, ichipa zvese kunaka uye kutonga kwakanaka pamusoro pemarara echikafu uye detritus. Nekutarisira kwakaringana uye ruzivo rwehunhu hwayo, inogona kuve nyeredzi yeako aquarium, ichiunza simba, ruvara, uye hutano kune ecosystem yaunodzokorora kumba.