Coldwater Hove: Kuchengeta, Hunhu, uye Yakazara Gwaro reAquariums neMadziva

Iwe unofadzwa nenyika yemhuka asi uchiganhurirwa nenguva kana nzvimbo yekutarisira chipfuyo chechinyakare? hove dzemvura inotonhora Ivo vanounzwa semhinduro yakanakisa, inokwanisa kushandura chero kona yemba kuita yakasikwa, inozorodza, uye ine mavara oasis. Mukuwedzera, ivo vari nyore kuchengetedza uye vakakodzera kune vese vanotanga uye nyanzvi dzechokwadi. Mune ino yakadzama gwara, iwe unowana zvese Hunhu, kutarisirwa, uye zvakavanzika zvehove dzemvura inotonhora, neruzivo rwechizvino-zvino, matipi anoshanda, uye akasiyana zviwanikwa zvekuchengetedza aquarium yako kana dziva richitaridzika rine hutano uye rakanaka kwemakore anotevera.

Chii chinonzi hove dzemvura inotonhora?

ari hove dzemvura inotonhora ndeavo vanokwanisa kurarama uye kubudirira mumvura dzemvura kana madziva kupisa kwemukati—kazhinji pakati pe10 ne24°C—pasina kudiwa kwemasisitimu ekudziisa sezvinoitwa nehove dzinopisa. Hunhu uhwu hunovaita kuti vakwanise kune avo vari kutsvaga chirongwa chemumvura kuchengetedza kwakaderera, kushandisa simba kwakaderera uye optimal adaptability.

Aya marudzi anopesana nekusiyana kudiki kwekushisa uye kemisitiri yemvura, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inofarirwa nevanofarira, mhuri dzine vana, uye vanhu vane nguva shoma kana ruzivo.

Pakati pake zvakakosha zvakanakira taura:

• Kureruka uye kuderera kwekugadzirisa mari: Ivo havadi hita kana midziyo yakaoma.
• Yakasiyana-siyana yemavara, maumbirwo uye saizi: yakakwana kune yakanaka uye yepakutanga aquariums.
• Kuramba uye hupenyu hurefu: Zvipenyu zvakawanda zvinogona kurarama makore anopfuura 10 mumamiriro ezvinhu akanaka.
• Simba rekuchengetedza: kuderedza mari yemagetsi sezvo kupisa kusingadiwi.
• Yakanakira aquariums uye madziva: Mamwe marudzi anotogara mumadziva asina mhepo.

Mhando huru de peces mvura inotonhora ye aquariums nemadziva

Iri boka rinosanganisira huwandu hwemhando, kubva kune iconic goldfish kusvika kune ekunze hove dzakanakira mamwe mapurojekiti epakutanga. Pazasi, isu tinopa iwo anonyanya kufarirwa, pamwe nehunhu hwavo uye kuenderana, saka iwe unoziva nzira yekusarudza yakanyanya kufanira kune yako aquarium kana dziva:

goldfishCarassius auratus)

El goridhe Hapana mubvunzo kuti ndiye mumiriri wepasi rose wemvura inotonhorera. Ine muviri wakasimba, ine ruvara rwakanyanya (orenji, tsvuku, chena, nhema, goridhe), uye maumbirwo akasiyana-siyana semuswe wayo, mhezi, uye maziso akabudikira. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzehove dzegoridhe, dzakadai se:

• Hove tsvuku kana carp: Classic elongated muviri, mavara akajeka uye nyore kugadzirisa.
• Cometa:: Muviri wakashongedzwa uye imwe chete caudal fin, ine simba kwazvo uye inoshamisira.
• Muswe wevheiri: refu, zvimbi zvewavy, zvakapfava uye zvinoshamisa mukufamba.
• Telescopio: maziso akatanhamara, akatenderedzwa, kazhinji dema kana goridhe muruvara.
• Oranda.

Idzi hove dzinosvika nyore nyore 20-30 cm uye dzinoda aquariums yakakura kwazvo (zvishoma 40-50 malita pamuenzaniso). Iwo anoshamwaridzana, anogara kwenguva refu, uye akakwana kune avo vanotsvaga ushamwari uye chiratidziro mu aquarium.

Chinese neon (Tanichthys albonubes)

Iyo inozivikanwawo se'coldwater neon,' iyi ndeimwe yehove diki uye inoyevedza yaunogona kuchengeta muaquarium yako. Muviri wayo mutete unoratidza kupenya kwefluorescent inoyeuchidza neon light. anoshamwaridzana zvikuru uye inofanira kuchengetwa mumapoka evanhu vangangoita 8-10. Yakanakisa sarudzo yepakati uye diki aquariums.

Hove dzeParadhiso (Macropodus opercularis)

Imwe yehove dzemvura inotonhorera dzine mavara ane hunhu husinganzwisisiki. Zvinoda ruzivo, sezvo varume vari nharaunda, uye zviri nani kudzivirira kuvachengeta mutangi rimwechete. Iyo yakasimba uye inopa yakanakisa bhuruu uye tsvuku inopenya pasi pechiedza.

Koi carp (cyprinus carpio)

Yakakwana kumadziva ekunze, iwo Koi carp Vanogona kusvika hukuru hukuru (inopfuura hafu yemamita mukukura). Kureba kwavo uye ruvara kunoita kuti ive yakanaka kumagadheni akakura kana mapurojekiti aneshungu. Kune marudzi mumumvuri wetsvuku, chena, yero, goridhe, bhuruu, nezvimwe.

Sun perch (Lepomis gibbosus)

Inozivikanwa nekunaka kwayo maorenji mamaki uye hunhu hwakasimba, perch yezuva yakasimba asi inogona kuve nharaunda nemamwe marudzi. Inokura zvakanyanya mumahombe emvura kana madziva ane nzvimbo yakawanda uye nzvimbo dzekuvanda.

Rainbow barb (Notropis chrosomus)

Iyo inounza dynamism uye kupenya kune iyo aquarium nekuda kwekupenya kwayo kwemavara palette. Iine runyararo, asi inoda kushambira mumapoka (zvishoma 8) uye inoda yakajeka buffer zone kuti ifambe.

Betta anopenya

Kunyange zvazvo inowanzobatanidzwa nemvura inopisa, betta splendens Vanogona kuenderana nemamiriro emvura inotonhora zvine mwero. Runako rwadzo nemavara akasiyana-siyana zvinoita kuti dzive dzinokwezva, kunyange zvazvo varume vachiitirana hasha zvikuru.

shubunkin

Yakasiyana-siyana yegoldfish inoratidzwa nemuviri wayo une mottle uye refu zvimbi. Iyo yakasimba, inoshamwaridzana, uye inonyanya kukoshesa mukuratidzira aquariums nemadziva.

Dzimwe hove dzakakurumbira dzemvura inotonhora

• Microrasbora Galaxy (Danio margaritatus): diki, ine mavara uye inoshamwaridzana, inokurudzirwa mumapoka.
• Pink barb (Pethia conchonius): inoshanda kwazvo, inoyera kusvika 14 cm uye inofarira mahombe emvura ane nzvimbo dzekuvanda.
• Tetra yeBuenos Aires (Hyphessobrycon anisitsi): Kuchengeta kuri nyore, kune runyararo mumapoka asi anogona kunwisa pazvinomera zvakapfava.
• Corydoras: Yakanakisa yekuchenesa pasi uye inoshivirira zvakanyanya, yakanakira nharaunda aquariums.
• Medakas (Oryzias latipes): diki, ine mavara uye inopikisa.

Maitiro ekusarudza hove dzemvura inotonhorera kune yako aquarium

Sarudza mhando de peces kune yako aquarium kana dziva rinofanirwa kuve sarudzo yakanyatsofungwa, uchifunga akati wandei zvinhu zvakakosha:

1. Aquarium kana dziva saizi: inosarudza rudzi uye huwandu de pecesA aquarium diki (isingasviki 40 litita) inongogara zvisikwa zvidiki uye munhamba diki, nepo epakati-saizi aquariums (40-80 malita) inobvumira mapoka emarudzi akawanda anoshanda. Kune hove hombe senge hove yegoridhe kana koi, aquarium yakakura kupfuura 100 litres kana kunyange dziva rakanakira.
2. Kugarisana pakati pemarudziMamwe marudzi ane rugare (Chinese neon, muraraungu barbs, corydoras), asi mamwe anogona kuva territorial (betta, hove paradhiso, zuva perch). Chinokosha kudzivisa kusanganisa hove dzine utsinye nemarudzi akadzikama uye kupa nzvimbo dzokuvanda dzakakwana.
3. mvura parameters: Tarisa kuti tembiricha, pH uye kuoma zvinodiwa zvinoenderana pakati pemarudzi akasarudzwa.
4. Maitiro uye kudya zvinodiwaDzimwe mhuka dzinodya, dzimwe dzakatetepa; ita shuwa kuti unoziva chikafu uye regimen yeumwe neumwe.
5. Density uye kuwandisa kwevanhu.
6. Kusiyana uye aesthetics: Sarudza mhando dzisingangoenderane chete, asi dzinogadzira ine mavara, inowirirana, uye ine hutano aquarium.

Aquarium Setup uye Zvinodiwa zveColdwater Hove

Mvura inotonhora ye aquarium inoda chokwadi gadziriro nemidziyo kuti ive nechokwadi chekugara zvakanaka kwevagari vemo. Heano mapoinzi akakosha:

Aquarium saizi uye chimiro

Ukuru hwakanyanya hunoenderana nemhando, asi se mashoma A 50-60 litre aquarium inokurudzirwa kuchengeta boka de peces Diki. Hove dzegoldfish dzakura dzinoda mvura dzemvura dze80-100 litres kana kudarika.

Sefa uye oxygenation

ari filters Izvo zvakakosha pakubvisa tsvina, kusimudzira nitrogen cycle, uye oxygenation mumvura. Sefa yakakodzera yemukati kana yekunze inofanirwa kufambisa kanenge kana kana huwandu hwese hweawariyamu awa yega yega. Muaquariums isina zvidyarwa mhenyu, aerator kana dombo remhepo rinogona kubatsira zvakanyanya.

Iluminación

Kana yako aquarium inosanganisira zvirimwa zvakasikwa, iyo chiedza chakananga Izvo zvakakosha pakusimudzira photosynthesis uye kukura kwechirimwa. Nezvirimwa zvekugadzira, chiedza chisina kujeka chakakwana uye chinobatsira kudzivirira kushushikana kwehove.

Zvirimwa nekushongedza

ari zvinomera zvakasikwa Kwete chete vanoshongedza aquarium, asi vanobatsirawo oxygenate mvura uye kupa nzvimbo dzekuvanda kuderedza kushushikana kwehove. Unogona kusarudza mhando dzakadai Myriophyllum hippuroides, Egeria dense, Saggitaria platyphylla y Ludwigia palustris, kunyanya kurwisana nemvura inotonhora.

Substratum

Zvakanaka substratum Inokurudzira kukura kwemiti yakasikwa uye midzi. Inofanirwa kuenderana nemhando uye kwete kushandura ma paramita emvura.

Kupisa uye nzvimbo

Chengetedza aquarium munzvimbo isina zuva rakananga kana padyo nenzvimbo dzekupisa kwakanyanya kana kutonhora. Kune vakawanda de peces yemvura inotonhora inokurudzirwa tembiricha yakagadzikana iri pakati pe16 ne24 °CKana kutonhora kuchikwira zvakanyanya muzhizha, zvinotonhorera zvinogona kushandiswa. Mumamiriro ekutonhora kwakanyanya, hita inogona kubatsira kudzivirira kudonha kamwe kamwe.

Mvura bhasikoro

Usati wasuma hove, zvinokosha kutenderera aquarium kweanenge mavhiki mana kubvumira mabhakitiriya anobatsira anopwanya ammonia uye nitrites kuti azvisimbise. Izvi zvinoderedza njodzi yechirwere uye kufa kwekutanga.

Mvura parameter control

• Kupisa: inofanira kusiyana pakati pe16 ne24 °C, zvichienderana nemhando.
• pH: kazhinji pakati pe6,6 ne7,8.
• Nitrites: nguva dzose pazasi 0,5 ppm (yakanaka 0).
• Nitrates: pasi pe40 ppm (yakanaka 0).
• Kuoma (GH): inosiyana nemhando, asi yakawanda inoshivirira yakapfava kune semi-yakaoma media.

Shandisa bvunzo mitsetse, bvunzo dzemvura, uye kits kuyera aya hunhu vhiki nevhiki mune nyowani aquariums uye biweekly mune dzakasimbiswa aquariums.

Kuchengetwa kwezuva nezuva uye kuchengetedza hove dzemvura inotonhora

Kunyange zvazvo vari zvisikwa zvinopikisa, Hove dzeColdwater dzinoda maitiro akakodzera kugara uine hutano uye kutaridzika zvakanaka:

Zvokudya

Hove dzeColdwater hadzidi zvakanyanya, asi dzinofarira kudya kwakasiyana uye kwakaringana kuwedzera mavara uye hutano hwavo:

• Zvokudya zvekutengesa zvakananga (granules, flakes kana pellets yemvura inotonhora).
• Zvishongedzo: broccoli, sipinashi yakagurwa, peas yakabikwa (isina ganda) uye zviduku zvezvibereko.
• Chikafu chipenyu kana chakaomeswa nechando: grindal worms, daphnia, mosquito larvae uye brine shrimp.
• Dzivisa kudyisa zvakanyanya: Dyisa chete huwandu hwavanodya mumaminitsi 2-3 uye usambopfuura 2-3 kanomwe pazuva (kana kusvika kashanu pakukura). Zvokudya zvakawandisa zvinosvibisa mvura uye zvinokonzera zvirwere.

Kuchenesa uye kugadzirisa

• Kuchinja kwemvura: ita chikamu chevhiki nevhiki shanduko ye10-20% yemvura.
• Sefa yekuchenesa: Kana zviri zvemukati, unogona kusuka masiponji mavhiki maviri ega ega; kana zviri zvekunze, kamwe chete pamwedzi. Usamboshandisa sipo, ingori mvura ye aquarium.
• Kucheneswa kwegirazi nekushongedza: mavhiki ega ega 2-3, uchishandisa chete maturusi emvura uye zvigadzirwa.
• Algae control: Wedzera hozhwa, shrimp kana pool cleaners kana kugarisana kuchibvumira, uye gadzirisa mwenje kudzivirira kuwanda.

Kushandisa sefa inoshanda kunoderedza kuwanda kwekucheneswa kwakadzika uye kunobatsira kuchengetedza aquarium yako ine hutano nekuedza kushoma.

Kuona uye kuona dambudziko

• Tarisa hove dzako zuva nezuva: Tarisa zviratidzo zvehurwere zvakaita semakwapa machena, maziso ane makore, makwande asina kusimba, zvimbi zvakapwanyika, kufamba zvine usimbe, zvinoyangarara pamusoro kana kugara pasi.
• Yakakodzera acclimatization: Usambofa wakasuma hove zvakananga; shongedza bhegi kumvura ye aquarium kwemaminetsi gumi-gumi nemashanu uye wedzera mashoma emvura ye aquarium usati waisunungura.
• Tarisa kuenderana: Kana iwe ukaona kurwa, kushushikana kana kudzingirirana pakati pehove, bvisa idzo dzinonyanya kupokana.

Matambudziko akajairika uye zvirwere muhove dzemvura inotonhora

Hove dzemvura inotonhora, pasinei nekudzivisa kwavo, dzinogona kukanganiswa matambudziko akasiyana-siyana ehutano:

• Asphyxiation nekuda kwekushaya oxygen: hove dzinogara dzichifemera pamusoro.
• Kushungurudzika nekuda kwekushanduka kwekushisa kamwe kamwe: Dzivisa kufambisa aquarium kana kuiisa pedyo nemahwindo kana maair conditioner.
• Chepfu neklorini kana zvine chepfu: Gara uchishandisa anti-chlorine conditioners uye usachenese aquarium nesipo.
• Zvirwere zvakajairika:
  • Nzvimbo yakachena (Ichthyophthirius): mavara machena, kukwenya nekukwesha zvinhu.
  • Kuparadza: dumbu rakazvimba, kutadza kushambira.
  • Fin rot: mipendero yakapwanyika uye machena.
  • Viral/bacterial poisonings: kuneta, mavara, kurasikirwa kwemavara.
  • Necrosis: kupererwa neropa, dumbu rakazvimba, kuchinja kweganda.
  • Fungi, tuberculosis, chibhokisi: zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvakananga zvichienderana nehutachiona.
• Kuwanda kwevanhu uye kunaka kwemvura: kuwandisa de peces uye kushaikwa kwehutsanana kunowedzera njodzi yehosha.

Kana iwe ukaona chimwe chezvinetso izvi, zvakakosha bvisa hove dzakakanganiswa Muchipatara aquarium, shandisa chaiwo marapirwo uye tarisa ese emvura paramita.

Coldwater Hove Yevanotanga: Yakakurudzirwa Zvisikwa uye Kuenderana

Kana iwe uri mutsva pakuchengetedza aquarium, marudzi aya akanakira kusimba kwavo, kuchinjika, uye kubata nyore:

• Goldfish uye Comet: inoshamwaridzana, inogara kwenguva refu, kunyangwe zvichikurudzirwa kusasanganisa marudzi emhando dzakasiyana mune imwechete aquarium.
• Chinese neon: Runyararo uye diki, yakanakira yepakati-saizi aquariums.
• Rainbow barb uye pink barb: Dzinomira kusiyanisa kwekushisa uye dzinoyevedza.
• Corydora: yakanakisa yekuchenesa pasi uye yakasimba kwazvo.
• Microrasbora Galaxy: Yakanakira aquariums madiki kana akachengetwa mumapoka makuru.
• Tetra yeBuenos Aires: Yakasimba uye inochinjika, kunyangwe ichigona kunyura pazvidyarwa zvakapfava.

Kune mahombe emvura kana ayo ane nzvimbo shoma, gadzirisa nhamba de peces uye sarudza marudzi madiki.

Nzira yekugadzira uye kuchengetedza aquarium de peces mvura inotonhora: nhanho nenhanho

1. Kuronga: Sarudza nzvimbo yakakodzera, kure nechiedza chezuva uye tembiricha kuchinja.
2. Gadzirisa aquarium: Wedzera iyo substrate, midziyo yekusefa, aerator uye kushongedzwa.
3. Zadza nemvura isina chlorine: Shandisa conditioner kubvisa chlorine uye heavy metals.
4. Isa zvirimwa zvakasikwa: Nyora zvakanaka kudzivirira hove kuti dzisadzichera.
5. Tanga bhasikoro remvura: Siya aquarium ichimhanya kwemavhiki mana pasina hove, kuwedzera chikafu kukurudzira mabhakitiriya anobatsira.
6. Zivisa hove zvishoma nezvishoma: Dzidzira vagari vatsva kumvura kuti vadzivise kupisa uye kemikari kuvhunduka.
7. Chengetedza kudya, kuchenesa uye kudzora parameter maitiro: Shandisa bvunzo dzenguva dzose uye gadzirisa chikafu zvinoenderana nemhando yega yega.

Coldwater hove kumadziva ekunze

ari madziva ekunze Vanopa yakasarudzika uye yakasikwa pekugara kune zvipenyu zvakaita sekoi carp, shubunkin, kana goldfish, zvichivabvumira kunakidzwa nenzvimbo yakakura uye kukura.

• Nzvimbo: Nzvimbo ine mumvuri kudzivirira mvura kuti isapisa. Yakachengetedzwa kubva kune zvikara uye isina mashizha kana marara.
• Sefa: Mapombi ekunze uye mafirita anovimbisa mvura yakachena-yakachena, ine oxygen.
• Miti yemumvura: Vanopa mumvuri, oxygen uye pekugara kwehove.
• Kudzika uye vhoriyamu: Minimum 60-80 cm kudzika uye nzvimbo yakakwana yenhamba de peces vakuru vaunoda kuchengeta.
• Kubatana: Zviri nani kusarudza mhando dzemhando dzakafanana uye hunhu. Dzivisa kuwandisa kwevanhu.

Advanced Nutrition: Menus uye Nutrition Tips

La Kudya kwakasiyana siyana Inochengeta hove dzemvura inotonhora dzine hutano, inoderedza njodzi yechirwere, uye inovandudza ruvara rwadzo. Heino mienzaniso inoshanda yezvikafu zvekuvandudza kwakanyanya:

• Omnivorous fish: Alternate quality pellets, miriwo yakabikwa (pizi, zucchini), michero yakachekwa (apuro, peya) uye mapuroteni emhuka (mapfunde, shrimp, grindal worms, daphnia).
• Herbivorous fish: Wedzera mashizha egungwa, mapiritsi emiriwo uye miriwo mitsva yakachekwa kuita zvidimbu zviduku.
• Dzivisa chingwa, hupfu uye chikafu chakagadzikiswa: nokuti vanogona kukanganisa kugaya uye kusvibisa aquarium.
• Funga nezve frequency: Vechidiki vanogona kuda kusvika ku5 diki yekudyisa pazuva, nepo vakuru chete 1 kana 2.
• Cherechedza madyiro uye bvisa zvimedu zvekudya kudzivirira chepfu.

Mazano ehutano hwehove dzako dzemvura inotonhora

• Pfumisa nharaunda: wedzera nzvimbo dzekuvanda, tunnel dzechisikigo uye nzvimbo dzekudyara.
• Dzikama: Isa iyo aquarium kure neruzha, vibrations uye kamwe kamwe mafambiro.
• Dzivisa chiedza chezuva chakananga: inodzivirira kupisa uye kuwedzera kwe algae kukura.
• Inopa mvura yakagadzikana: Kuchinja kamwe kamwe kunogona kushungurudza uye kukuvadza hove.
• Dzora huwandu hwevanhu: kudzivisa kuwandisa kwevanhu kudzivirira kurwa uye zvirwere.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa uye Mazano eVatangi paColdwater Hove

• Ndinogona kusanganisa mvura inotonhora nehove dzinopisa here? Hazvikurudzirwi; zvavanoda zvekupisa uye parameter zvinosiyana uye zvinogona kukonzera kurwara.
• Sefa inodiwa here? Zvakakosha kuchengetedza hutano hwemvura uye hutano hwehove.
• Kangani iyo aquarium inofanira kucheneswa? Izvo zvinoenderana nesefa uye huwandu de peces, asi nesefa inoshanda, kuchenesa zvishoma kwemavhiki maviri uye kuchinja kwemvura kwevhiki kunokwana.
• Chii chandinofanira kuita kana hove dzangu dzichifemera pamusoro? Inogona kuratidza kushayikwa kweokisijeni nekuda kwekushisa kwakanyanya kana kusvibiswa. Tarisa sefa uye aerator, uye ita shanduko yemvura.
• Sei kuchovha bhasikoro kuchikurudzirwa? Nokuti mvura itsva haina mabhakitiriya anobatsira anobvisa chepfu. Kutenderera mavhiki mana usati waunza hove.

Nakidzwa de peces Kushambira mumvura inotonhora kunopfuura kungotandara kwakapfava: mukana wekudzidza nezve zvisikwa, kuenzana kwezvipenyu, uye kugovana nguva dzinonakidza dzekuzorora uye kufungisisa nemhuri yako. Zvino, neiyi gwara rakazara, une zvese zvaunoda kuti gadzira yakanaka, ine hutano, uye ine simba aquarium kana dzivaChero chiyero chechiitiko chako, shinga kunyura munyika yehove dzemvura inotonhora uye shandura imba yako kuita diki denga rakazara neruvara uye kufamba!