Hove inoputika Inozivikanwa seimwe yehove dzakaipisisa pasi rese. Zita rayo resainzi ndi Psychrolute marcidus uye inowanikwa pasi pegungwa. Zvayo gelatinous texture Zvinoita kuti ive hove isinganzwisisike uye inoda kuziva, pamwe nekutyisa. Zvinoita sekuti imhuka yakadzika-mugungwa.
Munyaya ino uchaziva zvese zvakavanzika zveBlot fish, kubva kwaanogara kusvika kune zvaanoda kuziva zvakanyanya. Unoda kuziva zvakawanda nezvake?
Mhando huru
Hove iyi ine a chitarisiko chinoshamisa kupihwa rudzi rweganda rinaro. Zvakafanana nejellyfish. Hurefu hwayo hwepakati kazhinji anenge 30 cm (nezvienzaniso zvinogona kudarika zvishoma nhamba iyi), saka haisi imwe yehukuru pasi pegungwa, asi inoshamisa nekuda kwechimiro chayo. Inoda ganda rayo rakaita sejelly kuti rirarame munzvimbo dzakamanikidzwa zvikuru dzepasi pemvura. Naizvozvo, kana zvasvika pamusoro, sezvo isina kumanikidza kwemvura pakadzika. jelly yose "inodonha" uye muviri unorasikirwa nechimiro chawo.
Ihove iyo haana kana simba nekuda kwekuderera kwayo uye kuderedza musculature. Izvo zvaifanira kuchinjika nekufamba kwemakore uye shanduko kune iyi mhando yenzvimbo uko chiedza chezuva hachisviki uye zvokudya zvishoma. Pakutanga, pakava nekuona zvishomanana kwenguva pfupi, masayendisiti akatanga kusava nechokwadi kuvapo kwayo, zvichibva pakuonekwa kwayo kunoshamisa. Kupfuura hove chaiyo, zvaiita sokunge munhu anoona zviri nani mufirimu.
Kana iri morphology yayo, tinowana a musoro mukuru iyo inobatsira kuti iyangamire zviri nani, yakasanganiswa nekudzika kwayo uye zvimbi zvakatetepa. Chitarisiko chayo chinotowedzera kushata paunoona mhuno yayo yakakura, yakaita sedonhwe remvura painodonha. Nokudaro, hove iyi inozivikanwawo se donhedza hoveMaziso anewo gelatinous texture uye anotarisa semabhatani maviri ehembe nhema.
Su kuderera kwemuviri uye kuwanda, inodzibatsira kuyangarara uye kuramba dziri mhenyu mugomba rakadzika-dzika remakungwa. Kusiyana nedzimwe hove dzakawanda, haana dundira rekushambira zvakafanana naye hoblin hove. Iyo yekushambira dziva inhengo iyo yakafanana nehove dzakawanda uye iyo inoshanda kuenderera mberi ichiyangarara ichitsvedza pasina kuita chero kuyedza kuramba iri mumvura. Iyo hove yesmudge, iine yakaderera kwazvo density uye ganda muchimiro chejelly, haidi nhengo iyi kuti irambe ichigara mugungwa.
Mukuwedzera, ndeyekurongeka Scorpaeniformes uye mhuri Psychrolutidae, boka de peces Hove dzakadzika-dzegungwa dzine mapfupa akareruka uye mhasuru shoma. Munzvimbo yaro yechisikigo, hove inochengetedza yakawedzera compact silhouette uye haina kutaridzika seyakaremara; deformation inoonekwa pamusoro Icho chigumisiro chekudzikisa uye kusavapo kwekumanikidzwa kwekunze kunochengetedza chimiro chayo pasi pegungwa.
Kugadziriswa kunzvimbo yemumvura
Hove dzinogara pakadzika zvakati wandei dzinofanira kugara kumanikidzwa kwemvura yakakwiriraIyo blobfish yakagadzira yakasarudzika mhando yeganda rinoenderana kune zvese zvinokanganisa zvinowanikwa munzvimbo idzi. Chiedza chezuva hachisviki kwachiri kana kuti chinosvika pachiri zvishoma, saka nzvimbo iyi i ramba uchirwa kuti urarameIyo blobfish inokwanisa kugara pakadzika uku nekuda kweganda rayo uye kuderera kwehuwandu.
Imwe yemagadzirirwo ayo anonyanya kukosha ndeye pedyo-neutral buoyancy: nyama yayo, ine density zvishoma zvishoma pane mvura, uye predominance yematishu akapfava (ane mvura yakakwira uye lipid yemukati) inobvumira kudzungaira zvisingaite Pamwero wegungwa. Nekusashandisa dundira rekushambira (iro rinodonha pakadzika dzika), inodzivirira kuisa simba mukugadzirisa chinzvimbo chayo uye inoderedza njodzi yekukuvadzwa nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kwekuchinja.
Inoonekwa sehove yakashata kwazvo pasi rose nekuti, kana yasvika pamusoro, jelly iri pamuviri wayo inopfava uye inoita seyakaremara sechisikwa chiri kunze kwenyika pane hovewo zvayo panyika yedu. Kana iri tembiricha, inonyanya kugadzikana munzvimbo dzine tembiricha dzakatenderedza 2 kusvika 9 ºC, zvakajairwa mvura inotonhora-inotonhora zvekudzika kukuru.
Pakati payo, chimiro chayo chakafanana netadpole hombe: musoro une bulbous, maziso akasviba uye feathery pectoral fins inoibatsira. zembera pamubhedha kana kuita zvigadziriso zviduku zvemashure. Skeleton yavo yakareruka, ine mapfupa akaderera-density, uye musculature yavo yakaderedzwa, iyo inoenderana nezano re yakanyanyisa kuchengetedza simba.
Nokudaro, kana achikweverwa kumusoro, kuora kwakangoerekana kwaita kuti ganda rake risununguke, maitiro ake anokanganisa uye gelatinous tissue. kuwira pairi, kugadzira kutaridzika kwakakurumbira kwakaenda nehutachiona pasi rose mumifananidzo.
Habitat nenzvimbo yekugovera
Rudzi rwe blobfish runosvika mumvura yakadzika pakati pemahombekombe echikamu chekondinendi ye Ositireriya y Tasmania. Iri munzvimbo idzi umo kuwanda kwayo kwakakura, kunyangwe zvakaoma kuzviona. Yakaonekwawo ichituhwina pakadzika pemvura ye New Zealand.
Kuve hove inogara mukadzika, zvakaoma kuona imwe isina midziyo yakakwana yekudzika mumakungwa. Tinogona kuzviwana pakadzika pakati 600 uye 1200 metres, nemishumo ichiisa pachena 400 kusvika gumi metro zvichienderana nenzvimbo uye mamiriro enzvimbo. Kana iwe wakambove scuba diving, uchaona kuti dzvinyiriro yemvura inowedzera zvakanyanya patinonyura. Fungidzira kumanikidzwa kwainofanira kunge kuri pa1200 metres.
Icho mutsa benthic (pazasi-inosanganiswa), iyo inofarira pasi dzakapfava uye materu ekondinendi uko zvakamiswa organic zvinhu zvinogona kupa mikana yekudyisa. Muzvinyorwa zvebiogeographic, inofungidzirwa endemic kubva kunharaunda yeAustralia (ine marekodhi emahombekombe kubva kunzvimbo dzakadai seBroken Bay muNew South Wales kusvika kuSouth Australia neTasmania) uye nharaunda yeNew Zealand yemhando dzemhando dzakafanana.
Zvinofanira kujekeswa kuti zita rekuti "blobfish" rinogona kureva Mhando dzakasiyana siyana yemhuri Psychrolutidae. Apo Psychrolute marcidus Iyo inonyanya kubatanidzwa neAustralia neTasmania, hama yayo Psychrolutes micropores Yakave yakanyorwa mumvura ye New ZealandIzvi zvinotsanangura kumwe kuvhiringika kuri mumifananidzo uye zvakacherechedzwa zvakagovaniswa munhau uye pasocial media.
Kudya uye hunhu
Kudya kwaro kwakasiyana-siyana pasinei nemamiriro ayo anogara maari. Zvichida inokwanisa kudya zvose zvayaikwanisa, sezvo zvokudya zviri zvishoma munzvimbo idzi dzomugungwa. Chero zvipenyu izvozvo kuyangarara pedyo yaro kana kuti yakaturikwa mumvura inoshanda sechikafu. Urchins yegungwa, zvakawanda uye zvakasiyana-siyana zve mollusks y crustaceans chikamu chekudya kwavo kwakasiyana.
Kushaikwa kwemhasuru hakusi chipinganidzo chekudyisa, sezvo kunyanya inodya chero chinhu chinodyiwa iyo inopfuura kumberi, nekufarira kune yakadzika-gungwa crustaceans uye diki hozhwa dzegungwa. Iri zano rakafanana nezvikara zvakadzika-mugungwa izvo vanovandira vasingatsvaki kushingaira, kuchengetedza simba kusvika pakakwirira.
Kunyange zvazvo isina mazino anoshandiswa kukuya chikafu isati yaiswa mudumbu, haina dambudziko pakuchigaya. digestive system Yakagadzirwa chaizvo uye ine simba guru rekuora rekugadzira zvese zvakakangwa chikafu.
Pamaitiro, hove dzakafurwa dzinofamba zvishoma zvishoma. Kazhinji inoramba yakanyura pasi kana kuti yakaturikwa pahurefu hwakaderera, ichizvibvumira kutakurwa nemhepo uye kuita kufamba kupfupi nepectoral fins. Kunonoka uku ndiko a nzira yekupona munzvimbo isina zviwanikwa.
Physiology yavo yakarongedzwa kuitira kuti density yavo iva pedyo zvikuru kune iyo yemvura yakapoteredzwa, ichiibvumira kuti itenderere zvisingaite uye kudzivirira hombe vertical oscillations. Iyi buoyancy yakagadzikana inotsiva kusavapo kwedundira uye kuomarara zvishoma skeleton yake.
Zvinotyisidzira zvehove dze smudge
Vhidhiyo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YCNv6uq278c
Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nekuti hove idzi dzinogara pakadzika zvakanyanya hadzityisidzirwe nemunhu. Nekudaro, ivo vari munjodzi nekuda kweiyo ruoko rwemunhu. The technique of pasi trawl inokwanisa kusvika pakadzika kudaro uye dzimwe nguva sampuli dze blobfish dzinobatwa netsaona. Uyezve, kwete chete mimwe mienzaniso inobatwa, asi inoparadza nzvimbo yekugara kwavanogara.
Dzimwe nguva, mafungu anokonzerwa nemagwa ekuredza aya anoaendesa kune humwe hudzamu kupfuura kukuvadza muviri wako uye inoderedza mwero wekupona kwavo. Kunyangwe kana vadzoserwa kugungwa, decompression kusagadzikana uye kukuvara kwemuviri kunogona kukonzera musapikisa kudzokera kuzasi.
Hazvizivikanwe kana huwandu hwavo hwakawandisa kana hudiki, muchidimbu nekuti nyika yavo yakadzika yakaoma kudzidza. Zvakadaro, zvavo zvinogoneka nzvimbo shoma yekugovera uye kudzokororwa kwekubata kunoratidza kuti chero dzvinyiriro inoenderera inogona kukanganisa vagari vemo. Matanho akadai limit drag munzvimbo dzakaoma uye kudzivirira materu ane high benthic vulnerability zvingabatsira kuderedza kukanganisa.
Pamusoro pekuredza, kutyisidzira kwepasi rose senge acidification and the kudziya yemakungwa inogona kushandura kuwanikwa kwechikafu, kemisitiri yemvura uye chimiro chenzvimbo dzakadzika dzekugara, zvichikanganisa marudzi akachinjirwa kune akadzikama tembiricha siyana.
Kubereka uye kutenderera kwehupenyu
Kuberekwa kwe blobfish hakuna kunyorwa zvakadzama nekuda kwekuoma kwekuicherechedza munzvimbo yayo. Zvisinei, mumhuri Psychrolutidae, mamwe akatsanangurwa. kukandira zviuru zvemazai yakaiswa pamatombo kana mamwe ma substrates epasi. Zvimwe zvakaonekwa zvinoratidza kuti vakadzi vanogona kuungana pamwechete uye dendere riri pedyo pamwe chete, zvichida kuwedzera kudzivirira mazai.
Zvinogona kuratidza zano re kunonoka kukura uye upenyu hurefu, sezvinoitwa nehove zhinji dzepakadzika-dzika. Iyi muenzaniso inoreva kupora zvishoma nezvishoma pakatarisana nekubata hove kana kukanganisa kwenzvimbo, saka kufa kwakanyanya munguva pfupi kunogona kusiya zvisaririra kwemakumi emakore.
Nezvekukura kwekutanga, chitarisiko chaicho chepwere musango hazvizivikanwe. Kushaikwa kwezvinyorwa zvinovimbika zvakakonzera kuvhiringika kana mifananidzo isina kusimbiswa paInternet. Izvo zvine musoro, mukuenzanisa nemhando dzemhando, kuti pwere dzinochengetedza zvakanyanya compact chimiro uye kuti iyo yakaratidza gelatinization yemuviri inosimbiswa nehupenyu hwakadzika benthic.
Taxonomy, marudzi ane hukama uye tsika dzakakurumbira
Izwi rokuti "blobfish" rinoshandiswa kutsanangura zvose Psychrolute marcidus pamwe chete nemamwe marudzi ane hukama zvikuru mukati memhuri yePsychrolutidae, yakadai se Psychrolutes microporesIzvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotsanangura kuti sei mafoto uye data rekugovera dzimwe nguva zvichisanganiswa. Iyo "teardrop" chimiro uye gelatinous kudonha pakubuda kubva mumvura inogovana hunhu pakati pehama dzepedyo idzi.
Mukurumbira wake wepainternet wakasimuka kubva pamapikicha akatorwa kunze kwenzvimbo yake yechisikigo, apo muviri wake unodonha nekushaikwa kwekumanikidzwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, iye humanoid face nemhino huru uye kutaura kwakarereka, izvo zvakamuwanira epithets izvo zvakakonzera mukurumbira wake. Sangano redzidzo rinonyatsozivikanwa, the Yakashata Animal Preservation Society, akariita kuti rikurumbire nokurishandisa sechiratidzo chokudzivirira uncharismatic mhando iyo inoitawo basa mune ecosystems.
Kunyange masangano ehurumende akatsanangura chitarisiko chayo nemifananidzo yakajeka, inomutsa a Tadpole yakaita semisodzi nenyama yakachenuruka, gelatinous, ganda rakasununguka, mhino huru, uye maziso maduku, akajeka. Uyezve, iyo iconography yakapfuura iyo tsika dzakakurumbira, inoratidzika sereferensi mumitambo yemavhidhiyo uye midhiya yevaraidzo, iyo inosimbisa aura yayo yekuve enigmatic uye tsitsi.
Curiosities
Pasinei nekuonekwa kwayo kunotyisa, haina kunyanya kushata kana inowanikwa pasi pegungwa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa ne kudzvinyirirwa kunoshanduka kubva mumvura. Nemhaka yokuti ine dzvinyiriro shoma kana yasvika pamusoro, inotora mamwe gelatinous uye mamwe maitiro akaremara.
- Haisi kushanda zvachose. Hove idzi dzinofinha zvakanyanya. Nekusava nezvakawanda zvekuita, shanduko yakavatungamira kuti vazive kuchengetedza simba.
- Sezvo isina kana mapfupa akakora ni mazino, haigoni kunwa.
- Haidyiwe. Sezvo inosvika pamusoro inowedzera uye inowedzera gelatinous kusvikira yafa.
- Haina kushambira dundira nekuda kwemvura zhinji munzvimbo yaanogara. Anogona kuyangarara nekutuhwina asina.
- Mazita aro anounganidza marudzi akati wandei ane hukama; inonyanya kutaurwa ndeye P. marcidus, asi inotaurwawo P. micropores mumvura yeNew Zealand.
- "Mukurumbira" wake wakabva pamifananidzo yakatorwa mumvura, apo gelatinous tissue anorasikirwa netsigiro uye inokanganisa maitiro ayo; munzvimbo yayo, inoita sehove mvura yakadzika yakajairika.
Neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvehove iyi yakakosha. Mukuwedzera pakuonekwa kwayo kunoshamisa, hove yakasvibiswa muenzaniso we kunyanyisa kugadzirisa: Inogara zvakadzikama mumvura inotonhora mazana emamita kudzika, inoshandisa matishu ayo kuti irambe yakagwinya, uye yakakwenenzvera mametabolism ayo kushandisa rinenge risisina simba. Inoshanda sechiyeuchidzo chekuti hupenyu hunowana zvigadziriso zvekugadzira kunyangwe mumakona akasviba enyanza.