Hofori yemvura yakachena shrimp, inozivikanwawo se Macrobrachium rosenbergii o African shrimp, ndechimwe chezvipembenene zvinokatyamadza uye zvinonakidza zvatinogona kuchengeta mumakungwa. Hukuru hwayo hukuru, hunhu hwakasiyana, uye basa rakakosha mukuenzanisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwenzvimbo dzemvura yakachena zvinoita kuti ive sarudzo yakakosha kune vese vanotanga uye vepamusoro aquarist. Pazasi, iwe unowana zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezvazvo, kutarisira, uye kunakidzwa nemhando iyi inoshamisa muaquarium yako yekumba.
Hunhu hwenyama uye biology yehofori yemvura yakachena shrimp
El hofori yemvura yakachena shrimp Iyo ndeyekurongeka kwema decapods, mukati memhuri Palaemonidae. Iyo inonyanya kuratidzwa neyayo saizi inoshamisa Kuenzaniswa nedzimwe aquarium shrimp, inogona kusvika saizi inopfuura 15 cm mumienzaniso yevakuru, kunyangwe paine mishumo yemhando dzehanzvadzi dzinogona kudarika masendimita makumi maviri uye kunyange 20 cm, kunyanya munzvimbo dzechisikigo muSouth America.
Su ruvara runogona kusiyana pakati pemimvuri yegirinhi, bhuruu nebrown, uye mamwe marudzi ane mitsetse kana makwapa anoita kuti pave nekukakamira pakati pezvinomera nematombo ezasi kwerwizi. Zvinonyanya kukosha ndezvavo pamberi calipers, zvakawanda zvakagadziridzwa muvarume, izvo zvinogonawo kuratidza bluish metallic mavara.
- Iine cylindrical body, yakakombamira zvishoma zvichidzika, yakafanana neiyo decapods.
- Yakareba appendages kana "dusters" pamakumbo epamberi anoita sefa uye mabasa ekudzivirira.
- Iyo exoskeleton yayo inovandudzwa nguva nenguva kuburikidza ne moulting, nhanho yakakosha yekukura kwayo.
Mabviro, kugoverwa kwechisikigo uye pekugara
El Macrobrachium rosenbergii Inonyanya kuzvarwa nzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinopisa dzeAfrica neSouth America, kunyange zvazvo kugoverwa kwayo kwakawedzera zvikuru nekuda kwekukosha kwayo mu aquaculture uye semhando yekushongedza. Inowanikwa mu nzizi, madziva, mazariro uye nzvimbo dzemvura yakachena uye ine brackish, uko tembiricha yemvura inodziya uye zvinomera zvakawanda. Vanogonawo kugara mumvura inononoka-inofamba kana kuti isina kumira, pamwe chete nemhepo ine mwero uko kune oxygenation yakakwana uye yakawanda yekugara.
Munyika dzeLatin America, dzinowanzobatwa uye kusimudzwa kuti dzidyiwe nevanhu, uye kunyangwe kushandiswa kwavo kwekutanga kuchiwanzoita gastronomic, vari kuwedzera nyore kuwana muzvitoro zvemvura, kunyanya muEurope neAsia.
Maitiro uye kuenderana mu aquarium
Imwe yei inonyanya kufarirwa zvinhu yeinvertebrate iyi ndeyayo hunhu hune rugare uye hwakachengetwaInokurudzirwa zvakanyanya kune nharaunda aquariums, kunyangwe zvakakosha kuyeuka zvimwe zvekufunga kudzivirira kukakavara:
- Hazvifanirwe kuchengetwa nehove dzine hasha kana nemhuka dzinodya mhuka dzine nzara, sezvo dzaigona kurwisa kana kukuvadza shrimp hombe.
- Izvo hazvikurudzirwiwo kuisanganisa nehove dzehukuru hudiki., kana nedzimwe hombe dzenharaunda, kudzivirira kurwa kana hunhu hwekupamba.
- Pasinei nehukuru hwavo hukuru, Macrobrachium rosenbergii mienzaniso inowanzonyarara uye inopedza yakawanda yenguva yavo yakavigwa mudzimba, pakati pemidzi kana aquarium yekushongedza.
- Pane dzimwe nguva vanogona kufambisa zvinhu zve aquarium kana kukuvadza zvirimwa panguva yekufamba kwavo, asi kazhinji havadyi pazviri zvakananga.
Kugarisana nemamwe shrimp zvinogoneka kana vakapihwa nzvimbo yakakwana uye pekugara. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti varume, kunyanya, vanogona kugadzira imwe nzvimbo uye hutsinye kana vasina huwandu hwemvura yakakwana uye nzvimbo dzakatarwa dzemunhu wega wega.
Ecological mabasa uye mabhenefiti mu aquarium
El hofori yemvura yakachena shrimp inopa akawanda mabhenefiti munharaunda aquariums:
- Nomuzvarirwo anodzora algae uye zvipembenene zvehozhwa, kubatsira kuchengetedza kuenzanisa kwezvisikwa pasina kudiwa kwemakemikari.
- Ita sekudaro cleaner, kudyisa zvisikwa zvakasara, mashizha akafa uye detritus, zvichibatsira pakucheneswa kwe substrate nekuvandudza kunaka kwemvura.
- Inotora chikamu mune yeaquarium chikafu cheni, ichishanda sechikara chine mukana chezvipenyu zvidiki uye sechingangove mhuka yemhuka hombe.
- Inosimudzira kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu mumatangi akasimwa nekugadzira microhabitat uye nzvimbo dzakatsanangurwa dzenharaunda.
Zvido zvekuchengetedza uye aquarium parameters
kuchengeta a hofori yemvura yakachena shrimp Mumamiriro akakwana, zvakakosha kutarisisa kune zvinotevera zvikamu zve aquarium:
- Aquarium volumeKune wevakuru sampuli, inokurudzirwa aquarium yeanenge 100 litres, kunyangwe kana vanhu vakati wandei vakachengetwa kana kusanganiswa nemamwe marudzi makuru, vhoriyamu yakakura (200 malita kana kupfuura) inokurudzirwa. Zviyero zvakakura zvingada matangi anosvika 500-1000 litres.
- Temperatura: Iyo yakanakira mhando iri pakati pe24 ne27 ° C, kunyangwe ivo vanoshivirira tembiricha kubva pa20 kusvika 28 ° C pasina matambudziko makuru.
- pH uye kuoma: Vanoda mvura shoma ine alkaline, ine pH ye7,0 kusvika 8,5, uye yepakati kusvika kuhuoma (GH 8-15ºd).
- Sefa uye oxygenationKusefa kwakanaka kwakakosha kuchengetedza yakaderera mazinga enitrogen makomisheni. Zvisinei, chiyero chekuyerera hachifaniri kunge chakanyanyisa, sezvo iyi invertebrate inoda mvura inononoka kusvika pakati-inoyerera.
- Kuvhenekera nekushongedza: Inofanirwa kusanganisira nzvimbo dzakasimwa dzakasimwa, midzi, matombo, nemapako kuitira kuti shrimp ivande nekumaka nzvimbo dzadzo.
- Nzvimbo dzekuvanda: Izvo zvakakosha kupa yakawanda pekugara, sezvo ivo vari panjodzi zvakanyanya panguva yekunyungudika uye vanosarudza kuhwanda kuti vadzivise kurwiswa kubva kune vamwe vagari vemu aquarium.
Kudyisa hofori yemvura yakachena shrimp
El Macrobrachium rosenbergii Imhuka ine omnivorous ine mukana wekuita.
- Muzvisikwa zvinodya zvakanyanya zvipembenene zvemvura, detritus, crustaceans duku uye zvisaririra zvezvinomera.
- Mukutapwa, vanogona kugamuchira zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudya: kubva kune zvekutengesa invertebrate gadziriro, pasi pellets, flakes, uye hove firimu, kune chikafu chakaomeswa senge brine shrimp, red bloodworms, kana chunks hove nenyama.
- Zvokudya zvinofanira kunge zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvinokurudzirwa kuwedzera vhiki nevhiki neprotein yemhuka kuvhara zvido zvavo zvekudya.
- Muaquariums ine mashoma echisikigo ma microorganisms, zvinodikanwa kuti uwedzere chikafu nezvigadzirwa zvakapfuma mu calcium uye mamwe mamineral akakosha ekusimudzira kwakaringana exoskeleton.
Zvakakosha kuti urege kudyisa, kudzivirira kuunganidza tsvina yakawandisa uye kudzivirira zvirwere zvebhakitiriya kana fungal.
Kuberekesa hofori yemvura yakachena shrimp mukutapwa
Kuberekesa hombe shrimp kunogoneka mu aquariums, kunyangwe iine zvimwe zvakasarudzika:
- Munguva yekubereka, pane kukakavara pakati pevarume nevakadzi uko varume vanogona kurasikirwa nemidziyo kana maoko nemakumbo mukurwisana kwenharaunda.
- Vakadzi incuminate mazai mumapleopods avo kwemavhiki akati wandei. Nhamba yemazai inogona kusvika mazana akawanda.
- Mushure mekuchechenya, maruva anowanzoda mamiriro akasiyana ezvakatipoteredza, zvichienderana nemhando: Zvimwe zvinoda kupedza nhanho dzemakonye mumvura ine mwero wakati wemunyu, nepo vamwe vachipa kukura kwakananga uye vanogona kukura mumvura yakachena kubva pakutanga.
- Kana makonye acho angofamba, anohwanda pakati pezvinomera uye pasi pegungwa, uko anogona kudyiwa nyama yevanhu kunyange nevanhu vakuru.
Kuti uwedzere mikana yekubudirira uye kudzivirira kubatwa kwefry, zvinokurudzirwa kuparadzanisa vanhu vakuru kubva kune vakadzi vanokandira zai kana kushandisa aquariums yekubatsira pakubereka.
Mazano ekugara pamwe chete uye mazano anoshanda
- Usasanganise akawanda emhando yepamusoro (kunyanya varume) mutangi rimwechete kana isina kukura zvakakwana., sezvo izvi zvichigona kutungamirira kuchisimba kana kuchekwa.
- Dzivisa kugarisana nehove diki, fry kana mhando dzinonyara kwazvo, sezvo hombe shrimp ingatora mikana yekudzivhima, kunyanya kana chikafu chisina kukwana.
- Nguva dzose inopa zvakawanda nzvimbo dzine mimvuri nenzvimbo dzekuvanda (matanda, machubhu eceramic, matombo uye zvidyarwa zvakakora) kuitira kuti shrimp yega yega inogona kumaka uye kudzivirira nharaunda yayo pasina kushushikana.
- Tarisa mushure molt imwe neimwe, sezvo panguva ino exoskeleton yavo yakapfava uye inorwiswa nyore nyore nevamwe vagari vemu aquarium.
- Chengetedza hurongwa hwekuchengetedza aquarium hunoenderana, kutarisa mamiriro emvura uye kuita shanduko yenguva dzose kuti uve nechokwadi chenzvimbo ine hutano.
- Kudya kwakasiyana-siyana uye kwakadzikama kunovimbisa kukura kwakanyanya uye kunodzivirira zvirwere zvine chekuita nekushaikwa kwekudya.
El hofori yemvura yakachena shrimp Iyo inoshamisa uye inobatsira yekuwedzera kune chero aquarium ine nzvimbo yakakodzera uye mamiriro. Saizi yaro, tsika dzekuchenesa, uye hunhu hunoita kuti ive yakakosha mudzimba dzemumvura dzemudzimba uye nzvimbo dzepasirese dzemumvura. Kuchengeta mhuka iyi kunopa dambudziko rinonakidza uye rinodzidzisa, zvichibvumira vanoita zvekutamba kuti vanyatsoongorora mafambisirwo emagariro uye kusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu zvemumvura. Nekutarisirwa kwakakodzera, idzi invertebrates dzinopa makore erunako uye chiyero chechisikigo muaquarium yako, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo inogoneka uye inokatyamadza kune avo vanokoshesa kusiyana uye kunaka kwezvipenyu zvemumvura.