Kana iwe uri kugadzirira kana kufunga kwekumisikidza yakakodzera aquarium, unofanira kutanga wafunga nezvazvo rudzii de peces uri kuzomusuma, sezvo kuchengetwa kwaunofanirwa kupa kunoenderana navo, mamiriro ekuti tangi rehove rinofanirwa kuve naro, richava rakanaka sei, kana mhando iri makwikwi kana kuwirirana, nezvimwe.
Pane yakakura yakasiyana-siyana de peces yemvura yakachena munyika yatingasarudza pakuvaka tangi redu rehove. Sezvandambotaura, zvichienderana nehukuru hwehove, midziyo ine tanki rehove uye zvimwe zvinhu, Dzimwe hove dzichagadzirisa zviri nani pane dzimwe kumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.. Unoda kuziva rudzii de peces Ndiwo akanakisa kujairana nematangi ehove?
Hove yemvura yakachena
Kune hove dzakawanda dzemvura yakachena dzisingagoni kugara mairi aquariums idiki zvakanyanya, sezvo vachida nzvimbo hombe kuti vakwanise kurarama. Zvichida havazvidi, sezvo iwe uchichipa chikafu uye hachifanirwe kuzvidzivirira kana kuzvidzivirira kubva kune chero chikara, asi inzira yehupenyu (chinhu chinodiwa kutaura) icho rudzi urwu runarwo. de peces zvinoreva kuti vanofanirwa kugara mune yakakura aquarium.
Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti hazvibviri kurongedza hove nenzira kwayo. Zvekuravira, mavaraKune vanhu vanofarira hove dzinonyanya kurova, vamwe vanofarira hove dzakarebesa, etc. Kune mhando huru. de peces kuti tinogona kuisa munzvimbo dzedu dzemvura, zvisinei, ini ndichaedza kukupa a rondedzero yehove dzakanakisa dzemvura yakachena maererano mamiriro ayo, kutarisira kwatinofanira kupa, kukwanisa kugadzirisa uye, ichaedzwa, iyo yerunako.
Ihove dzakanakisa kune yako aquarium
Sezvandambotaura, kune marudzi akawanda de peces yemvura yakachena isingagarisane zvakanaka. Ndokusaka uchifanira kuyeuka kuti kunyange zvazvo vachioneka pandandanda yandichakupa, hazvirevi kuti vose vanogona kugara pamwe chete. Tiri kutaura nezvemhando dzemhuka dzinoshandiswa kukwikwidza chikafu, ndima, nezvimwe. Nokudaro, hatigoni kuvimbisa mufambiro wakanaka wehove dzose pakati padzo..
Izvo zvakakosha kuti tisati tagadzira aquarium yedu nemhando de peces zvatinoda, Ngatitange tabvunza mutengesi kubva kuchitoro chemhuka. Iwe unogona kunge uchiziva kuti ndeapi marudzi aunogona uye haugone kuisa mune imwechete aquarium pasina matambudziko. Ipfungwa yakanakawo kufunga saizi yekupedzisira yemarudzi ega ega, ayo zvinodiwa mvura parameters (tembiricha, pH uye kuoma) uye ayo nzvimbo yekushambira (pamusoro, pakati kana pasi) kuzadza tangi nenzira yakaenzana.
killifish
Tinotanga naKillis. Hove idzi dzinogona kugara madziri marudzi mazhinji akasiyana emvura, Ndicho chikonzero ivo vane hukuru hwekugona kugadzirisaHavana makwikwi akawanda, saka havazove nematambudziko ekuchinja kune mamwe marudzi. de peces. Zvikara zvizhinji zvichafuratira rudzi urwu. Ivo vanouya muhuwandu hukuru hwemavara kuti vape kubata kwehupenyu kune yako aquarium. Iwo akanakisa jumpers, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuchengeta aquarium yakafukidzwa and with miti yakakora kwavanogona kutizira.
Tang hove
Idzi hove idiki kwazvo muhukuru, asi dzine mavara. Izvo zvakakosha pakugadzira kusiyana pakati pehove huru uye duku.. Ihove idzi dzinogona kurarama mumhando dzakawanda dzemvura chero bedzi pasina kuchinja kamwe kamwe. Munharaunda dzemu aquariums, zvakanakisa kuvachengeta mukati boka kuderedza kushushikana uye kuwedzera maitiro ako echisikigo shoal.
Anostomid
Ihove idzi dzakakura kwazvo. Vamwe vanogona kuyera zvinopfuura gumi nemaviri cm uye dzinouya dzine mavara akasiyana-siyana. Kuve hove dzakazvimirira zvakanyanya, hazvikonzere matambudziko ekugarisana nevamwe. Havawanzorwi kana kutamburira zvokudya. Iwo akanakira kune yakakura aquariums. pakati nepakati uye nzvimbo ne midzi kana matombo kupi kudya pane biofilm uye algae.
Cat hove
Catfish yakanaka kune epakati kana makuru matangi sezvo iwo anozoachengeta akachena. Izvi imhaka yekuti kazhinji yenguva Vanopedza nguva yavo vachitsvaga zvimedu zvechikafu mujecha riri pazasi pemvura yemvura.. Nokuti pane zvakawanda de peces katsi, iwe unowana nyore nyore imwe inogona kugara zvakanaka mutangi rako rehove. Mumhuri iyi mune kubva ancistrus uye otocinclus izvo zvinobatsira nealgae, kusvika kumarudzi makuru anoda matanda uye matumba. Keep the substrate yakapfava kudzivirira kukuvadza mabarbel avo. Mukuwedzera, kana iwe uchida kukwidziridza kuchengetedza, kune dzimwe nzira dzakadai se imwe nzira yekushandura aquarium mvura izvo zvinofambisa kuchengetedza kwavo.
Callctids
Ihove idzi dzakafanana necatfish mumaitiro avo. Ivo vanopedza zuva rese vachitsvaga zvidimbu zvekudya pazasi pemvura. Nekudaro, kuve uri mudiki, Vanoda kutarisirwa kushoma uye vanonyanya kukodzera kune madiki aquariums.. Vane simba guru rekugadzirisa, saka vanogona kuenderana nemhando ipi zvayo yemvura uye pekugara. Muchokwadi, marudzi mazhinji emhuri iyi, akadai corydoras zvinobva shoal: chakanakira kuchengetedza 5-8 vanhu mu substrate ye jecha rakanaka, ine parameters kumativi 22-28 ºC uye pH 7-8. Kuti uende zvakadzika mukutarisira zvinobatsira kubvunza mazano ekuita kuti hove dzako dzigare kwenguva refu.
Cichlids
Ihove idzi dzinonetsa zvakanyanya, asi ndedzechokwadi tangi yehove. Ivo vanopa imwe yakati kurei kudonha, uye ndivo omnivores, uye dzinodya mazai edzimwe hove, uye kunyange vana vadzo. Kuti uchengetedze hove idzi nedzimwe hove, unofanirwa kuchenjerera kuti uve nepeya uye cichlids mutangi, sezvo vanogona kupedzisira vatora tangi. kudzora huwandu hwevanhu dzehove idzi dzine tembiricha yemvura, nekuti kana kuchinyanya kutonhora kana kupisa zvakanyanya mukadzi haakwanise kuburitsa. Mumarudzi maduku akadai ramirezi zvakakodzera kuti aquarium yakakura, ine mvura yakagadzikana zvikuru; mumacichlids makuru, ronga matunhu nedzimba.
Matende
Ehe, tangi rehove rinofanirwa kuve nematende. Idzi hove dzemvura yakachena ndidzo dzinonyanya kuwanikwa pasi rose. Unogona kuwana carp mune chero akwariyamu. Kuve rudzi rwakafanana, rwakakwanisa kukudziridza kurwisana kukuru kune marudzi ose emamiriro ezvinhu, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakasiyana-siyana. Ramba uchifunga kuti akawanda carp (akadai se koi uye goldfish) kusvika saizi huru uye kuburitsa yakawanda organic load; ivo vakanyanya kukodzera madziva kana yakakura kwazvo aquariums ine kusefa kune simba.
GirinoqueÃlids
imwe mhando de peces "Vanatsi". Ihove idzi dzichaita kuti tangi yako igare yakachena, sezvo vane nhengo yakasarudzika yavanoshandisa kutevedzera matombo uye algae. Izvi zviri mutangi rehove, zvinoita kuti hove dzinamatire kumadziro uye dzinoita kuti dzirambe dzakachena. Vachiri vadiki vanobatsira ne algae, kunyange zvazvo mamwe marudzi angava nzvimbo when maturing; zvinokurudzirwa kuongorora yayo saizi yevakuru uye kugarisana.
Gourami kutsvoda
Mhando yehove iyi ine hunhu. Kuti vakwanise kuratidza hutongi hwavo zvichienzaniswa nevamwe de peces Vanotanga "kutsvoda." Vanongoita izvi kuratidza chinzvimbo chavo, havana mhirizhonga, saka havazove nematambudziko ekugara nemamwe marudzi kana nenhengo dzerudzi rwavo. Idzi hove, kana dzikachengetwa zvakanaka, dzinogona kukura kusvika kudarika 25 cm, kunyange zvazvo zvinoda kushanda nesimba. Kazhinji vanosvika 10 cm. Vanoda zvinomera zvinoyangarara nemvura kudzikama, uye sarudza aquariums ne altura uye zvakanaka oxygenation.
Mastacembellidae
Hove idzi dziri nyore kuchengeta. Ivo havadi chero kutarisirwa kwakakosha uye vanochinjika zvakanyanya, vachivabvumira kugara mune chero nharaunda. Zvisinei, pane dambudziko rimwe diki: hove idzi territorial chaizvo uye anogona kurwisa kana kuita hasha kune dzimwe hove. Izvi zvinogona kugadziriswa nekutenga dombo guru rekuisa mutangi rehove.. Nenzira iyi, mastacembelid inotora dombo uye iite imba yayo. Kana zvimwe de peces Hazvimunetsi, haakonzeri chero dambudziko. Anowedzera mapako nematanda uye zvinopihwa protein food quality. Wonawo chikonzero hove dzinoda nzvimbo yadzo kuderedza kusawirirana.
Toxotides
Ihove idzi dzichagara munzvimbo yepamusoro-soro yegungwa uye dzinoedza kuvhima zvipembenene zvinodzoka pamusoro pemvura. Hove idzi hadzikonzeri matambudziko nedzimwe de peces. Kuti ubate zvipembenene, shandisa jeti duku remvura pasi pekumanikidzwa. Funga kuti marudzi akawanda e toxotida Vanoda mvura ine brackish, saka munharaunda dzine mvura yakachena hazviitike nguva dzose; ita tsvakurudzo yako usati waasanganisa.
Bhaluni hove
Ivo zvakare vane mukurumbira chaizvo nekuda kwekuti ine chepfu yakaipisisa pasi rose. Asi zvakadaro, Izvi hazvirevi kuti hove idzi (hama dzako) dzine chepfu.Hove idzi hadzina hasha uye dzinogona kugara pamwe chete nemamwe marudzi ane rugare.
mhando dzakawanda dze mvura nyowani vanoda kudya ne mollusks kumisa mazino avo, uye vanowanzoda chaiyo aquariums nekuda kwemaitiro ake ekuda kuziva.
Serrasalmids
Ihove idzi dzine rugare kunyangwe dziine mbiri yakaipa, sezvo piranhas iri chikamu chemhando iyi. Dzakawanda dzehove idzi dzinodya zvinomera, asi dzimwe hadzisi. Chero bedzi vakadyiswa zvakanaka, havazokonzeri matambudziko. Mamwe marudzi, akadai pacu Vanokura zvakanyanya uye vanoda mavhoriyamu makuru; values ​​zvakanaka kwazvo zvinodikanwa chaizvo vasati vavabatanidza munharaunda.
Petioles
Iyi ndiyo subspecies ye carp. Hove idzi dzinowanzova diki. Varume ndivo vane ruvara rwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti vave vakakwana pakuwedzera kubata kweruvara kune yedu aquarium. Havadi chero kutarisirwa kwakakosha. Iyo peciliids inosanganisira guppy, platy, molly uye xipho (swordtail), yakanakira vanotangaZvinokurudzirwa kuchengetedza chikamu che 1 murume wevakadzi 2-3 kuderedza kushungurudzwa, nemavhoriyamu kubva 54-60 litita uye pH 7-8.
Rainbow hove
Seizvo zita ravo rinoratidzira, ivo hove dzakasiyana-siyana. Ihove idzi hadzidi chero hanya uye nechiyero chakakodzera chechiedza, hove idzi dzinogona kutaridzika chaizvo. Vanoda nzvimbo yekushambira uye vanopenya mukati shoal; mvura yakagadzikana uye chikafu chakasiyana chinovatendera kuratidza yavo mavara akanaka.
Zvipenga
Ihove idzi dzakajaira kugara munzvimbo dzine okisijeni yakadzika kwazvo uye mvura isingayerere, izvo zvinoita kuti mhuka iyi irambe yakasimba kune mamwe marudzi ane mavara. Idzi hove dzakakwana kune vanotanga sezvo dzakanaka, uye dzakaoma.Kana ukatadza kuchengeta imwe yehove idzi mhenyu, uri kuita chimwe chinhu chakaipa. kunyatsosefa uye dzivisa ammonium uye nitrite peaks nekuchinja kwemvura nguva dzose.
Angelfish
Idzi ihove dzinoshamwaridzana uye dzinoda shamwari dzinoverengeka dzemhando imwe chete kuti dzirarame. Zvikasadaro, vanozonetseka mupfungwa. Vane rugare zvikuru uye vanowanzonzwa vasina kugadzikana dzimwe nguva. Kana izvi zvikaitika, vanochinja maitiro avo uye vanogona kurega kudya kana kufamba. Nekukura kwavo uye kukura, aquarium yakakosha. Alto (dai wango 50 masendimita yembiru yemvura), mavhoriyamu kubva 250 litita, tembiricha 24-30 ºC uye pH 6,0-7,5. Dzivisa kuabatanidza pamwe chete hove duku zvikuru sevacheche vakura, sezvo vangavaona sechikafu.
cypriniformes
Ihove idzi dzinonyatsoenderana nenzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Imwe yemakakatanwa makuru avanayo nekaputi ndiwo mafupa avo uye mhando yechikero chinovhara muviri wavo. Izvo zvidiki pane zvakajairwa uye kazhinji zvine mamwe mavara akasiyana "zvidimbu"Mukurongeka uku danios, barbs uye loaches. Iyo yakakurumbira zebrafish Iyo muenzaniso wakanaka wepakati-saizi, inoshanda uye shoal.
Hove yeDemo
Zita rehove idzi rinopihwa nehunhu hunhu hwedemo. Hove idzi dzichagara pamusoro pe aquarium yako.Dzakawanda dzehove idzi dzinoda kunyatsotarisirwa, uye hove idzi dzinogona kunge dziri hove dzakaoma zvikuru kuchengeta. Zviri tapa inokosha sezvo vari vakuru jumpers, uye kuyerera kwemvura zvinyoro zvinomera zvinoyangarara kuti ugare zvakanaka.
Maitiro ekusarudza hove zvinoenderana nehukuru hwe aquarium, paramita uye kugarisana
Usati watenga, zvinokurudzirwa kuita a basic planning kuenzanisa marudzi, saizi ye aquarium, uye paramita. Iri gwaro rinoshanda richakubatsira kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo:
- Aquarium size: Mhando dzakawanda dzinokurudzirwa kubva 54-60 litita (60 cm tangi). Hove hombe kana zvikoro zvikuru zvinoda 100-250 litita kana zvimwe.
- Mvura parameters: inotsanangura huwandu hwe tembiricha, pH y kuomesa Inopindirana nemhando dzose dzakasarudzwa. Mienzaniso yakajairika inosanganisira tetras uye corydoras. 20-28 ºC uye pH 5,5-7,5; pecilids 22-28 ºC uye pH 7-8.
- Nzvimbo dzekutuhwina: sarudza marudzi e pamusoro (demo, gouramis), vezvenhau (tetras, murarabungu) uye mari (corydoras, loricarids) ye aquarium yakadzikama uye ine simba.
- Kugarisana: boka hove dzine rugare nerunyararo, kudzivisa kusanganisa hasha kana zvikara zvine zvipuka zviduku. Create pekugara uye inotyora mitsetse yekuona kuderedza kunetsa kwenzvimbo.
- Zvikoro: Tetras, danios uye corydoras vanonzwa vakachengeteka mumapoka e 6-10 +Makopi mashoma anowanzo shandura mukati kushungurudzika uye hutano hwakaipa.
- Kudya kwakasiyana-siyana: chinjana quality yakaoma game chando kana kurarama 1-3 nguva pavhiki, uye inopa miriwo kune herbivorous kana omnivorous marudzi.
Kana aquarium yako yakasimwa, koshesa mhando iyo usakwenya mashizha kana kuchera substrate. Mukuwedzera, inosarudza vagari vemo saizi kuenderana y hunhu kuve nechokwadi chekuwirirana.
Mhando dzakakurumbira dzinokurudzirwa kunharaunda dzemvura
Pamusoro pemhuri dzakatsanangurwa pamusoro apa, kune mhando dzemhando dzinokunda kune avo runako, nzvimbo y kugarisana zvakanakaHeino ongororo ine ruzivo runoshanda:
Guppy (Poecilia reticulata)
Inofungidzirwa iyo wekutanga kune vanotanga kwayo nyore kugadzirisa uye hukuru hwakasiyana hwe mavara uye misweMunzvimbo yahwo yaunogara mabanki, saka anokoshesa kushamwaridzana. Inokurudzirwa zvishoma 54-60 litita, tembiricha 24-27 ºC, pH 6-7,5Vanoberekana nokukurumidza; kana usingadi vana, vachengetere vanhukadzi vakasiyana kana kuti inodzora chikamu chevakadzi nevarume.
Neon tetra (Paracheirodon innesi)
Mabhandi avo tsvuku nebhuruu ita kuti zvive zvinoshamisa, kunyanya ne chiedza chisina kujeka. Zvinobva shoal (10 kana kupfuura) uye bvunza zvishoma 60 litita, tembiricha 20-26 ºC uye pH 5-6,8Kugarisana kwakanaka nevamwe Pacific characins uye hove dzepasi dzakadzikama.
Platy (Xiphophorus maculatus)
Viviparous inofambidzana uye yakasimba, yakakwana kuti ishandiswe munharaunda. Minimal 54-60 litita, tembiricha 22-28 ºC, pH 7-8. Wide siyana ye colorations; anokoshesa zvinomera zvakakora uye kudya ne algae.
Black molly (Poecilia sphenops)
Zvakasarudzwa zvachose nhema yekunaka kukuru. Inoda mvura tsiga uye zvishoma alkaline. Minimum 60-100 litita zvichienderana nemhando uye tembiricha 24-28 ºC, pH 7,2-8,2. Rugare nemamwe marudzi akadzikama; kudya ne chirimwa chikamu.
Swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii)
Yakakurumbira nokuda kwayo elongated caudal fin muvarume. Akadzikama uye akasimba, nyore kusimudza munharaunda. Keep 1 murume wevakadzi 2-3 kuti vadzivise kukakavara pakati pavarume. Inoda kubva 60 litita, pH 7-8 uye tembiricha 22-28 ºC.
Corydora paleatus (pepper corydora)
Hove dzepasi amistoso izvo zvinobatsira ne inosara. Inofanira kuchengetwa mukati boka mumatangi e 60 litita kana kupfuura. Tembiricha 22-28 ºC, pH 7-8. Substrate ye jecha rakanaka kuchengetedza zvirebvu nezvimwe zvakawanda oxygenation.
Discus hove (Symphysodon spp.)
Akatumidzwa zita rekuti mambo we aquarium nokuda kwekubereka kwayo uye ruvara. Kukumbira ne mhando yemvura (minimum volume 250 litita, tembiricha 26-30 ºC, pH 5-7,8) Zvinokurudzirwa kuichengeta mukati mapoka uye nevaunoshanda navo rugare usamuremekedze.
Betta hove (Betta splendens)
Inodaidzwa iyo Siamese kurwa murume, ine zvimbi nemavara zvinoshamisa. Varume ndivo nzvimbo pakati pavo; zviri nani kuzvichengeta ivhu kana nemhando dzakadzikama uye dzinoenderana. Minimum 54 litita, tembiricha 24-30 ºC, pH 6-7,5. Enjoy miti y nzvimbo dzakanyarara pedyo nepamusoro.
Angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare)
Community star yake museve chimiro uye iyo altura. Zvinodiwa zvakatotaurwa: kudzika zvishoma 50 cm, kubva 250 litita, tembiricha 24-30 ºCDzivisa hove zvakanyanya vadiki inogona kumedzwa.
Ramirezi (Mikrogeophagus ramirezi)
Dwarf cichlid akadzikama kwazvo izvo zvaunoda vachigara vari vaviri. Minimum 50-60 litita, tembiricha 24-28 ºC, pH 5-7. Sensitive kune mhando yemvura; zvinoda kuchinja nguva dzose uye kudya kwakasiyana-siyana.
Mbizi (Danio rerio)
Very classic kushanda nemabhande ehunhu. Ideal for vanotanga uye munharaunda. Boka re 8 vanhu kana kupfuura, mumvura dzemvura dzinenge 100 litita, tembiricha 20-26 ºC, pH 6-7,8Ivo vakanaka jumpers, shandisa chivharo.
Zvinodikanwa Zvinokosha Zvemvura Yakachena Yakadyarwa Aquariums
Kana iwe uchikwezvwa nenyika ye aquascaping, zvinokurudzirwa kugadzirisa aquarium kuitira kuti hove nemiti kubudirira pamwe chete.
- Taa: shandisa chiedza kubva chakazara chakazara ine yakagadzikana photoperiod. Zvinoda zvinomera zvinoda High intensity, vamwe vakaita seanubias neJava fern vanobudirira nazvo pasi-pakati.
- Sefa uye kugadzikana: inosanganisa kusefa mechanical, biological uye makemikari. Edza nguva nenguva ammonium, nitrite, nitrate uye pH kugadzirisa nenguva.
- Substrate uye zvinovaka muviri: zvirimwa zvakadzika midzi (semuenzaniso, echinodorus) vanotenda zvinovaka muviri substrates; vamwe (anubias, bucephalandra) tarisa matanda kana matombo. Inopa munyoreri uye, kana zvichibvira, CO2.
- Kusarudzwa de peces: inokoshesa marudzi chirimwa-ushamwari (tetras, rasboras, corydoras, otocinclus). Dzivisa vagari avo unearth kana kunwa mashizha.
- Thermal kuenderana: aligns tembiricha y pH zvezvirimwa nehove; semuenzaniso, neon uye corydoras vanogovana mazinga anoenderana mumvura acidic zvishoma.
Pakati pezvinomera zvinoonga zvikuru anubias y Java fern (yakasimba uye inoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana), nepo upholstery senge eleocharis, Monte Carlo o glossostigma zvinoda chiedza chakajeka uye mupiro wezvokudya zvinovaka muviri. The cryptocorynes kubudirira nechiedza zvine mwero uye kugadzikana, uye tenderedza Vanopenya muchiedza chakanaka uye neyakakwana micro/macro.
Nechinyorwa ichi de peces anojairana nemazvo, ane mavara, haadi kutarisirwa kwakakosha uye, kazhinji, haakonzerese matambudziko nedzimwe hove, ndinovimba ndakupa mazano ekuti unofanira kuchengeta sei tanki yako yehove. Ronga mavhoriyamu, paramita uye kugarisanasarudza zvikoro zvakakodzera uye kusanganisa nzvimbo dzekushambira kuti uwane yakagadzikana, yakanaka uye nyore-kuchengetedza aquarium munguva refu.