Kuvapo kwa huwandu hwakawanda hwesimbi mushaki dzegungwa rakadzika Kuvapo kwezvisikwa zvemugungwa zvakakomberedza Zvitsuwa zveCanary kwakaita kuti vesainzi vatye. Mhuka idzi, dzisingaonekwe nevanhu vakawanda, dziri kuratidza kuti ndidzo dzinokosha pakunzwisisa kuti kusvibiswa kunosvika sei kunzvimbo dziri kure dzeAtlantic Ocean.
Ongororo yakaitwa nenyanzvi kubva kuYunivhesiti yeLa Laguna inoratidza kuti mashaki aya haasi chete akakosha pakugadzikana kwezvakatipoteredza zvemugungwa, asiwo Dzinoshanda se "nzvimbo dzekuchengetedza makemikari" dzechokwadi dzezvakatipoteredza zvemugungwa.vachiunganidza munyama dzavo simbi diki dzakadai secadmium, lead, aruminiyamu kana zinc.
Ongororo, yakabudiswa mumagazini yesainzi Kusvibiswa Kwemakungwa Bulletin, yakaitwa nechikwata chevadzidzi vane hunyanzvi hwakasiyana-siyana kubva kuYunivhesiti yeLa Laguna (ULL) pamwe chete neYunivhesiti yeLas Palmas de Gran Canaria pamwe chete ne Basa rehutano reCanary IslandsTsvagiridzo iyi inotarisa pashaki dzinogara pasi pegungwa rakakomberedza zvitsuwa zveCanary, nzvimbo ine chiedza chisingasvike asi simba revanhu riri kutosiya chiratidzo charo.
Chidzidzo ichi chakaongorora Mhando 51 dzemhando nomwe dzakasiyana, yakawanikwa nekuda kwekubatsirana kwa vabati vehove vane hunyanzviNyanzvi idzi, kana dzikabata hove dzeshaki netsaona mumidziyo yadzo yekuredza, vanovasunungura vari vapenyu Vanotora mhuka dzinogona kupona vozopa dzinenge dzafa kuti dziongororwe nesainzi, zvichiva chinhu chakakosha pakati pekubata hove kwechinyakare nekutsvaga.
Chidzidzo chekutanga pamusoro peshaki dzeCanary Island dzakadzika mugungwa
Mhando dzakadzidzwa dzinosanganisira Deania quadrispinosa, Deania profoundrum, Oxynotus paradoxus, Centroscymnus crepidater, Zameus squamulosus, Apristurus laurussonii uye Hexanchus griseusDzose ishaki dzemugungwa rakadzika, dzinokura zvishoma nezvishoma uye dzine hupenyu hurefu, hunhu hunoita kuti kusvibiswa kuungane nekufamba kwenguva.
Chikwata chekutsvagisa, chakagadzirwa nenyanzvi kubva kumadhipatimendi e Biology yeMhuka, Sainzi yeIvhu neGeology and the Boka reYunivhesiti Rinoongorora Chepfu Yezvakatipoteredza uye Kuchengetedzwa Kwechikafu Nemishonga, pamwe chete nenzvimbo dzekurapa dzakadai sePediatrics, Preventive Medicine, Toxicology kana Legal Medicine, dzakabatanidza nzira dzekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza, chepfu uye hutano hweveruzhinji kuti dzitsanangure mhedzisiro yacho.
Vanyori vanoti rudzi urwu rwebasa rwakanga rusati rwamboitwa muEurope pashaki dzegungwa rakadzika, zvichiita kuti huwandu hwevanhu vemuCanary Island huve bhuku rekudzidza nezvekusvibiswa kwesimbi kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAtlantic.
Kuwanda kwesimbi uye njodzi dzehutano
Ongororo dzemakemikari dzinoratidza kuti mamwe emhando dzakadzidzwa anoratidza huwandu hwakawanda hwesimbi munyama dzavo. Zvikuru sei, Deania quadrispinosa y Deania profundorum ndiwo akaratidza kuunganidzwa kukuru kwezvinhu zvakaita se aruminiyamu, zingi, simbi nemhangurapanguva Apristurus laurussonii Zvakasiyana nekunyoresa mitengo yakaderera zvikuru.
The shark Oxynotus paradoxus, kune rumwe rutivi, yaive nechinzvimbo chepakati, asi yakabuda pachena nekuda kwayo zviri mukati memutobvuKusiyana uku kwemhedzisiro pakati pemarudzi kunoratidza pesvedzero yezvinhu zvakaita se kudzika kwavanogara, kudya kwavo, mashandiro emuviri wemhando imwe neimwe, uye nhoroondo yavo yekushanduka-shanduka.
Kupfuura mufananidzo wose, masayendisiti ari kukwezva pfungwa pamusoro pekuvapo kwe simbi dzine chepfu dzakadai se cadmium ne leadZvinhu izvi zvinogona kukuvadza hutano hwesharks nekuvhiringidza mashandiro ekutanga: zvinoshandura mashandiro emuviri, zvinokanganisa kusimba kwetsandanyama, uye zvinokanganisa kutakurwa kweokisijeni muropa, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kurarama kwavo kwenguva refu.
Ruzivo rwakawanikwa runoratidza kuti, kana D. profundorum y D. quadrispinosa, mwero wesimbi dzakati wandei Vanosvika pamiganhu yekuchengetedza yakagadzwa neFAO neWHO kuti zvidyiwe hove. Kunyangwe hazvo mhando idzi dzisingatengeswi zvakanyanya mumisika yeEurope, vaongorori vanoyambira kuti kana nyama yadzo ikadyiwa munharaunda kana kugoverwa pasina ruzivo rwakakwana, Panogona kuva nenjodzi pakudya kuvanhu.
Izvi zvinonyanya kushungurudza munzvimbo dzekubata hove uko kutarisa kusvibiswa kwemhepo kusingawanzoitiki nenzira yakarongwa uye uko, dzimwe nguva, Hapana rondedzero yakadzama maererano nekwakabva uye hunhu hwechigadzirwaSaka, chidzidzo ichi hachina chete zvachinoreva nezvezvakatipoteredza, asiwo zvine zvachinoreva pahutano hwevanhu.
Zvitsuwa zveCanary zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzvimbo: huremu hwekwakabva geological
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha muongororo iyi kuenzanisa pakati pehove dzeCanary Island nedata riripo kubva ku dzimwe nzvimbo dzepasiZvichienzaniswa nehuwandu hweshaki dzemugungwa rakadzika kubva kuArctic, Indian, Pacific, kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzeEurope, mhando dzeCanary Island dzinoonekwa neshaki dzerudzi rwe kuwanda kwesimbi kwakarongeka.
Vanyori vanoti musiyano uyu hausi wetsaona. Hunhu hwezvitsuwa izvi, zvakabva pakuputika kwemakomo, hunobatsira kuti pave ne madhaka egungwa ane zvicherwa zvakawandainokwanisa kuburitsa simbi mumvura. Izvi zvinowedzerwa nemaitiro ekuongorora gungwa akadai se Kukwidza kweCanary-Africa, mvura inoburitsa mvura yakadzika yakazara nezvinovaka muviri uye, pamwe, zvinhu zvesimbi pamusoro pegungwa.
Musanganiswa uyu we geology yemakomo anoputika, simba regungwa, uye madhaka emaminerari unogona kutsanangura chikonzero nei, muchidimbu, shark dzeCanary Islands dzichiratidza kukosha kwesimbi kwakakwira kupfuura kwakatsanangurwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeEuropeNemamwe mashoko, nharaunda yechitsuwa ichi ndiyo inosarudza mwero wekusangana kwemhuka dzemugungwa nezvinosvibisa izvi.
Kunyange zvakadaro, vaongorori vanoti hazvisi zvese zvinogona kunzi zvinokonzerwa nesimbi chete. Mabasa evanhu—kubva muindasitiri kusvika pakutakura zvinhu mugungwa uye kupararira kwetsvina kubva panyika—zvinowedzerawo dambudziko iri. kusvibiswa kwenyika yose muAtlantic Ocean.
Zvose, mhedzisiro yacho inoisa mvura yeCanary Islands se rabhoritari yechisikigo ine ropafadzo kudzidza kudyidzana kuripo pakati pemaitiro ezvakatipoteredza zvechisikigo uye kumanikidzwa kwevanhu pakuunganidzwa kwesimbi mucheni yechikafu chegungwa.
Shark sezviratidzo zvehupenyu hwekusvibiswa kwegungwa
Kunze kwekuyera simbi, chidzidzo ichi chinoratidza basa reshaki idzi se zviratidzo zvehupenyu hwegungwaNzvimbo yavo yepamusoro muchikamu chezvekudya uye hurefu hwavo hwenguva refu zvinoreva kuti, zvishoma nezvishoma, vanochengeta mutsandanyama dzavo nenhengo dzavo chiratidzo chemakemikari chezvakatipoteredza mavanogara.
Izvi zvinobvumira sainzi kuita chimwe chinhu chakafanana nekugadzirazve "nhoroondo yezvekurapa" yegungwa: nekuongorora matishu eshaki, munhu anogona kutevera shanduko mukusvibiswa kwegungwa munzvimbo umo kuisa nzvimbo dzekuyera kana kuita mishandirapamwe yekutora sampuli nguva dzose kwakaoma uye kunodhura.
Chidzidzo ichi chinosimbisawo kubatsira kwezvinhu zvakaita se boron ne cadmiumizvo zvisingawanzo kuve pamberi pezvirongwa zvekutarisa nharaunda. Tsvagiridzo iyi yakawana kuti zvinoshanda zvakanyanya kune kusiyanisa mhando dzemhuka uye kuongorora kusvibiswa kwadzo kwakasiyana-siyanakupa ruzivo rwunozadzisa zvimwe simbi zviri kutariswa zvakanyanya.
Mupfungwa iyi, vaongorori vanoti shark dzemugungwa rakadzika dzibatanidzwe zvakarongeka mu Maitiro ekutarisa hutano hwegungwa muEurope, sezvo vachipa maonero akabatana ezviri kuitika munzvimbo dziri kure uye dzakaoma kusvika.
Ruzivo rwakawanikwa harungobatsiri chete kuCanary Islands, asi runogonawo kubatsira kuvandudza mitemo yekutarisira gungwa padanho redunhu nerenharaunda, kusanganisira kudzora kuburitswa kwemvura mugungwa, dhizaini yenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzemugungwa kana kuongororwa kwenjodzi dzinokonzereswa nekushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvekuredza.
Chinobatanidza chikuru muzvakatipoteredza zvakadzama nemamiriro azvo asina kusimba
Chidzidzo ichi chinosimbisa kuti idzi shark dzemugungwa rakadzika hadzisi "sensors" dzekusvibisa chete. Dzinotamba se "sensors" basa rinokosha sezvikara yemamwe marudzi, zvichibatsira kudzora huwandu hwawo uye kuchengetedza kuenzana kwecheni dzechikafu dzinokura muzvikamu zvakasviba zvegungwa.
Zvisinei, hunhu hwavo hwepanyama hunopesana navo. Imhuka dze kukura zvishoma nezvishoma, kukura pabonde kunonoka, uye kurarama kwenguva refuKusanganiswa uku kunoreva kuti zvinotora nguva yakareba kuti huwandu hwadzo hudzoke kana dzichitambura nekuwedzera kwekufa, kungave nekuda kwekutorwa netsaona, kurasikirwa nenzvimbo yekugara, kana kusangana nezvinosvibisa.
Mhando nomwe dzakaongororwa dzakanyorwa, dzine mwero wakasiyana wekutyisidzira, mu Rutsvuku Runyorwa rweInternational Union yeKuchengetedzwa Kwezvakasikwa (IUCN)Izvi zvinoratidza kuti huwandu hwevanhu vari mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kugadzikana uye kuti chero kumanikidzwa kupi zvako—kusanganisira kusvibiswa kwesimbi—kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakakura kwenguva refu uye yepakati nepakati.
Vanyori vanonyevera kuti kuwedzera kwekubata hove mugungwa rakadzama, kuwedzera kwezvimwe zvishandiso zvekuredza, uye kuora kwenzvimbo dzekugara mugungwa zvinogona kuratidza kusasimba kweshaki idziKana ukawedzera pane izvozvo migumisiro isingaurayi yesimbi (semuenzaniso, pakubereka kana kuti pakudzivirira muviri), doro rinogona kunetsa.
Saka, chidzidzo ichi chinotsigira kusimbisa matanho ekuchengetedza nekutarisira, kusanganisira nzira dzakavandudzwa dzekunyora kubata kwemhuka netsaona, mapurogiramu chaiwo ekutarisa mhando idzi, uye kuiswa kwekusvibiswa kwemakemikari sechinhu chakakosha pakuongorora mamiriro adzo ekuchengetedza.
Basa reYunivhesiti yeLa Laguna rinoratidza kuti, kunyangwe munzvimbo yakaita seyakanyanya kure nepamusoro se mvura yakadzika yakakomberedza Zvitsuwa zveCanaryKukanganiswa kwekusvibiswa kwesimbi kwava chinhu chinoonekwa. Mashaki aya, asingaonekwe asi akakosha, anoshanda sechiratidzo chekunyevera nezvekudiwa kwekukurumidzira kwekuchengetedza hutano hwemakungwa akapoteredza Spain nedzimwe nyika dzeEurope.