Kwemakore, vakawanda vakasiyana-siyana vaiongorora matombo eFrench Polynesia vaifungidzira kuti vaicherechedza "chinyakare" clownfishRuvara rwayo rweorenji uye utiziro pakati peanemones zvaiita sezvisingakanganisi.
Ongororo yesainzi ichangobva kubvisa pfungwa iyoyo: iyo inonzi "Polynesian anemonefish" haisi mutsauko wenzvimbo, asi. rudzi rutsva kusayenzi, ine gwara rayo rimene remhindumupindu, yakaparadzana nehama dzayo dzepedyo.
Mhando ye clownfish inozivikanwa muFrench Polynesia
Chidzidzo, chinotungamirwa na James L. O'Donnell (Yunivhesiti yeCalifornia, Santa Cruz) uye yakaburitswa mupepanhau ZooKeys, inosimbisa kuti ndizvo Amphiprion maohiensisMhedziso yakasvikwa nekubatanidza sampling yemunda neye-state-of-the-art genetic analysis uye yakakura yemifananidzo kuongororwa.
Kwemakumi emakore, mienzaniso ne orange cola kubva nechokumabvazuva kwePacific, vakaungana pedyo nehove inonzi clownfish Glue chena Kuwedzera kubva kuAustralia kuenda kuMicronesia. Kuenderera mberi kwekusiyana kwenzvimbo iyi kwakasimudza mabhero anotyisa: zvinogona kudaro cryptic speciation seri kwemisiyano yakavanzika asi isingachinji.
Iyo evolutionary wachi uye genetic test
Chiratidzo cheDNA chinoisa kupatsanurwa pakati pehove itsva yePolynesia uye hama yayo yepedyo yakatenderedza 1,5 mamirioni emakore, chinhambwe chinoshamisa chekushanduka-shanduka chinopindirana nezvipingamupinyi zvegungwa izvo kuchinjisa tsinhanha pakati pepakati nekumadokero kwePacific.
Mukuwedzera, boka racho rakanyora akasiyana anatomical features mumienzaniso yePolynesia—yakadai seyakareba zvishoma mumashure uye zvimbi zvepectoral—izvo zvinosimbisa kuzivikanwa kwavo se davi rakasiyana reiyo genus Amphiprion.
Hupenyu pakati peanemones: kuchinjika uye mutualism
Clownfish itsva inogara pakati pematende anoruma e Anemone yakaisvonaka (Radianthus magnifica)mhoteredzo yaizova inouraya kumarudzi akawanda. Ganda rayo rinoburitsa a "chemical shield" iyo inoderedza chepfu, ichibvumira kugarisana kusingakuvadzi.
Uyu muenzaniso wekare we mutualismIhove inowana hutiziro kubva kune zvikara uye, mukudzoka, kuenderera mberi kwemuenzi kunovandudza kutenderera kwemvura uye kunounza chikafu pedyo neanemone.
The epithet maohiensis Inoreva izwi retsika rekuti "maohi," rinoreva kuti "kubva kumusha," kugutsurira kwenzvimbo kunosimbisa kusiyana kwezvipenyu kwematombo aya.
Mamepu ekugovera uye sainzi yevagari
Kutsanangura kuvepo kwayo, timu yakaongorora kupfuura 800 mifananidzo yakaitwa nevakawanda nevazvipiri. Kudyidzana uku kwakaita kuti zvikwanise kudhirowa chaiwo mamepu ekugovera uye kusimbisa misiyano yakagadzikana mumorphology uye genetics.
Imwe yemhando dzakajeka ndeye gradient kumadokero-kumabvazuva: kuwanda kweshiri dzine muswe chena dzakananga kumadokero kwePacific uye shiri dzine muswe weorenji dzakananga kumabvazuva kwePacific, muganho webiogeographical unotsigira kucherechedzwa kwe zvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana.
Kukosha kweEurope uye kuchengetedzwa kwematombo
Kunyange zvazvo kuwanikwa kwacho kuri muFrench Polynesia—ndima yemhiri kwemakungwa yakabatana neEurope—nhau dzacho dzinofadza nzanga yesayenzi uye aquariums dzekondinendi nekuda kwemeseji yaro: Kuchine kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu kunofanira kutsanangurwa Uye miganhu pakati pezvipenyu inogona kuenda isingaoneki pasina genomic data uye yakawandisa yekutarisa yakatevedzana.
Kuzivikanwa kwepamutemo kwe Amphiprion maohiensis Inotarisa pakuchengetedza matombo emunzvimbo, nzvimbo dzekupotera dzemarudzi akasiyana. Kuchengetedza kutendeseka kweizvi ecosystems kwakakosha kune kuchengetedza, kutsvagisa uye kufambiswa zvakanaka kwechisikigo.
Iyi fambiro mberi inotumira meseji yakajeka: musanganiswa we basa remumunda, genomics uye sainzi yevagari Inogona kuburitsa zvipenyu "zvisingaoneki" neziso rakashama, uye kutungamira sarudzo dzekutonga kwemugungwa kuitira kubatsira kwezvakasiyana siyana uye nharaunda dzinotsamira pazviri.
